Chapter 7 Lesson 4: Climate

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Last updated 8:34 AM on 9/12/26
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23 Terms

1
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climate

The average weather pattern of a place over many years.

<p>The average weather pattern of a place over many years.</p>
2
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weather

The conditions of the atmosphere at a particular place and time.

<p>The conditions of the atmosphere at a particular place and time.</p>
3
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temperature

A measure of how hot or cold something is.

<p>A measure of how hot or cold something is.</p>
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precipitation

Water that falls from clouds as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.

<p>Water that falls from clouds as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.</p>
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latitude

The distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees.

<p>The distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees.</p>
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insolation

Energy from the Sun that reaches Earth and helps warm its surface.

<p>Energy from the Sun that reaches Earth and helps warm its surface.</p>
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altitude

The height of a place above sea level, which affects its temperature.

<p>The height of a place above sea level, which affects its temperature.</p>
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ocean current

A continuous flow of ocean water that carries heat from place to place.

<p>A continuous flow of ocean water that carries heat from place to place.</p>
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warm ocean current

A flow of warmer ocean water that can warm nearby land.

<p>A flow of warmer ocean water that can warm nearby land.</p>
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cold ocean current

A flow of colder ocean water that can cool nearby land.

<p>A flow of colder ocean water that can cool nearby land.</p>
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windward side

The side of a mountain facing incoming winds, where moist air rises and cools.

<p>The side of a mountain facing incoming winds, where moist air rises and cools.</p>
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leeward side

The side of a mountain facing away from incoming winds, where air descends and warms.

<p>The side of a mountain facing away from incoming winds, where air descends and warms.</p>
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rain shadow

A dry area on the leeward side of a mountain range.

<p>A dry area on the leeward side of a mountain range.</p>
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evaporation

The process in which liquid water changes into water vapor.

<p>The process in which liquid water changes into water vapor.</p>
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condensation

The process in which water vapor changes into liquid water.

<p>The process in which water vapor changes into liquid water.</p>
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water vapor

Water in its gas form, which can absorb heat in the atmosphere.

<p>Water in its gas form, which can absorb heat in the atmosphere.</p>
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global winds

Large wind patterns that move air and heat around Earth.

<p>Large wind patterns that move air and heat around Earth.</p>
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greenhouse gases

Gases in the atmosphere that absorb and release heat, helping warm Earth.

<p>Gases in the atmosphere that absorb and release heat, helping warm Earth.</p>
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greenhouse effect

The warming that happens when atmospheric gases absorb and release heat from Earth's surface.

<p>The warming that happens when atmospheric gases absorb and release heat from Earth's surface.</p>
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global warming

The long-term rise in Earth's average temperature, increased by adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.

<p>The long-term rise in Earth's average temperature, increased by adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.</p>
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fossil fuels

Coal, oil, and natural gas that release carbon dioxide when burned.

<p>Coal, oil, and natural gas that release carbon dioxide when burned.</p>
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El Niño

A climate pattern with unusually warm surface water in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.

<p>A climate pattern with unusually warm surface water in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.</p>
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La Niña

A climate pattern with unusually cool surface water in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.

<p>A climate pattern with unusually cool surface water in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.</p>