AnP Lab exam 2 prep

Skeletal Muscle Fiber Model

Peripheral nuclei (multinucleated)

b. Myofibrils

c. Myofilaments

i. Actin (thin filament)

ii. Myosin (thick filament)

d. M line

e. H band/zone

f. Z line/disc

g. Sarcoplasmic reticulum

h. Triad

i. Terminal cisternae

ii. T tubules

i. A band

j. I band

k. Neuromuscular junction

i. Axonal (synaptic) terminal

ii. Synaptic vesicles

Acetylcholine

iii. Presynaptic membrane

iv. Synaptic cleft

v. Postsynaptic membrane

vi. Acetylcholine receptors

l. Sarcolemma

m. Endomysium

Sarcomere Model

1: Sarcomere

2: H zone

3: Actin

4: Myosin

5: Z line

6: A band

7: I band

8: M band

Cardiac muscle fiber model

1: _

Orbicularis Oris,Action: Closes lips; purses and protrudes lips (kissing and whistling muscle)

Epicranium - frontal belly

Action: Raise the Eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

Epicranium - occipital belly

Action: Tenses and retracts the scalp

Temporoparietalis

Action: Tenses scalp, moves auricle of ear

Orbicularis Oculi

Action: Closes eyes, blinking, squinting, and draw eyebrows inferiorly

Levator Labii Superioris

Action: Raises and furrows upper lips; open lips

Depressor labii inferioris

Action: Depresses lower lip

Levator Anguli Oris

Action: Elevates corner of mouth

Depressor Anguli Oris

Action: Depresses corner of mouth, draws corner of mouth inferiorly and laterally, antagonistic of zygomatic major

Zygomatic Major

Action: Retracts and raises lateral corners of mouth upward (smiling muscle)

Zygomatic Minor

Action: Retracts and elevates upper lip

Risorius

Action: Pulls Corner of Lips Laterally; tenses lip; zygmatic synergistic for smiling

Orbicularis Oris

Action: Closes lips; purses and protrudes lips (kissing and whistling muscle)

Buccinator

Action: Draw corner of mouth laterally; compresses cheek (as in whistling); holds food between teeth during chewing

Platisma

Action: Tenses skin of neck and depresses mandible; pulls lower lip back and down (produces downward sack of mouth)

Masseter Muscles

Action: Elevates mandible and closes the Jaw

Temporalis Muscles

Action: Closes mandible; elevates and retracts the Jaw

Medial Pterygoid

Action: Elevates Mandible; in conjunction with lateral pterygoid aids in grinding movements of teeth (lateral excursion); synergistic of temporalis and masseter

Lateral Pterygoid

Action: Protracts Jaw; in conjunction with medial pterygoid aids in grinding movements of teeth

Genioglossus

Action: Depresses and protracts tongue; in concert with other muscles can retract the tongue too
Origin: Internal surface of mandible near symphysis
Insertion: Inferior aspect of tongue and body of hyoid bone

Hyoglossus

Action: Depresses and retracts the tongue
Origin: Body and greater horn of hyoid
Insertion: Inferolateral tongue

Palatoglossus

Action: Elevates tongue; depresses soft palate
Origin: Anterior surface of soft palate
Insertion: Inferolateral tongue

Styloglossus

Action: Retracts and elevates tongue
Origin: Styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion: Inferolateral tongue

Superior Rectus Muscles

Action: Elevates, adducts, and medially rotates (intorsion) the eyeball. Innervated by CN III

Inferior Rectus Muscles

Action: Depresses, adducts, and laterally rotates (extorsion) the eyeball. Innervated by CN III

Lateral Rectus Muscles

Action: Abducts the eyeball. Innervated by CN VI

Medial Rectus Muscles

Action: Adducts the eyeball. Innervated by CN III

Inferior Oblique Muscles

Action: Abducts, elevates, and laterally rotates (extorsion) the eyeball. Innervated by CN III

Superior Oblique Muscles

Action: Abducts, depresses, and medially rotates (intorsion) the eyeball. Innervated by CN IV