Civics test #2, Foundations of Gov

Limited Government - Gov has limits

Government is NOT all powerful.

Republicanism

Citizens elect representatives to make laws.

Federalism

Power is divided between a national government and a state government.

Checks and Balances

Prevents one branch from being too powerful.

Separation of Powers - power → divided

Government divides it’s power into 3 branches.

Popular Sovereignty

Government’s power comes from the people.

What was the Magna Carta written by?

English Barons

What was the Charter of the Virginia Company of London written by?

King James I

What was the Virginia Declaration of Right written by?

George Mason

What was the Declaration of Independence written by?

Thomas Jefferson

What was the Articles of Confederation written by?

Second Continental Congress

What was the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom written by?

Thomas Jefferson

When was the Magna Carta written?

1215

When was the Charter of the Virginia Company of London written?

1606, 1609, 1612

When was the Virginia Declaration of Right written?

June, 1776

When was the Declaration of Independence written?

July 4, 1776

When was the Articles of Confederation written?

November 15, 1777

When was the Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom written?

January 16, 1786

What did The Magna Carta do?

It says that everyone including the king must follow the law. It also gave Englishmen basic rights and freedoms (Limited Gov).

What did the Charter of the Virginia Company of London do?

It guaranteed rights as Englishmen to the colonist living in America. It also provided a government for the colony (Republicanism, popular sovereignty).

What did the Virginia Declaration of Rights do?

Listed rights for the citizens of Virginia. It modeled the US Bill of Rights in the future Constitution (Limited gov).

What did the Declaration of Independence do?

Listed freedom against the king. Declared the colonies separate from Great Britain. American citizens have unailiable rights. Established that all people are created equal (Limited gov, popular sovereignty).

What did the Articles of Confederation do?

First form of national government for the US. Major power resided with the individual states. Created a weak central government: No power to tax, no power to enforce laws. Led to the writing of a new constitution. (Limited gov, republicanism, popular sovereignty).

What did the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom do?

Citizens of Virginia had the freedom of religious opinions and beliefs. Influenced the freedom of religion in the first amendment (Limited gov).

Due Process - fairness

The government MUST treat you fairly.

Equal Protection - treat the same

The government MUST treat people the same under the law.

Equal Justice under the Law - vote → representative

Citizens vote to pick their representatives.

Right to Private Property - own

YOU have the ability to own things.

Rule of Law - none above law

Everyone, including the leaders, must follow the law.

Supremacy Clause - Constitution on top

The US Constitution is the supreme law.