NU 331 Hirschsprung Disease Intussusception Pyloric Stenosis GER / GERD

What are potential complications of Hirschsprung Disease?

C. difficile infection, dehydration, shock, perforation, and sepsis.

What are early symptoms of Intussusception?

Soft abdomen, intermittent colicky pain, normal stool.

What is a common symptom of Pyloric Stenosis?

Projectile vomiting of undigested food.

What diagnostic test is most commonly used for Pyloric Stenosis?

Ultrasound to measure the thickness and length of the pyloric valve.

What is the first step in the treatment of Pyloric Stenosis?

Rehydrate and stabilize electrolytes.

What is the surgical procedure for Pyloric Stenosis?

Pyloromyotomy.

What is the difference between GER and GERD?

GER is gastroesophageal reflux, while GERD includes complications such as esophagitis and failure to thrive.

What are common complications of GERD?

Failure to thrive, esophagitis, gastric irritation, aspiration pneumonia, and apnea.

What treatments are available for GER?

Feeding modifications, positioning, and possible medications.

What surgical procedure may be performed for severe GERD?

Nissen fundoplication.

What are the signs of anemia in children?

Pale skin, increased heart rate, fatigue, and behavior changes.

What lab tests are used to assess for anemia?

Hemoglobin and hematocrit (H&H), albumin, and total protein.

What are common congenital conditions associated with Hirschsprung's disease?

Down syndrome is often associated with Hirschsprung's disease.

What is the typical treatment for Hirschsprung's disease if caught early?

Surgery is performed to remove the affected segment of the colon.

What is a major risk for children with chronic Hirschsprung's disease?

They are most susceptible to Clostridium difficile (C. Diff) infections.

What are the initial treatments for pyloric stenosis?

Treatment includes NPO (nothing by mouth), IV rehydration, and stabilization of electrolytes; surgery is not an emergency.