Unit 2 Study Guide

simple squamous

made of a single layer of flattened, scale-like cells that primarily function to allow rapid filtration and diffusion of substances in areas like the lungs and blood vessels

stratified squamous

multiple layers of flattened cells that primarily function to protect underlying tissues from abrasion and friction in areas like the skin and mouth

hyaline cartilage

most common and has fine collagenous fibers in matrix - in the soft part of nose/ends of bones in joints

simple cuboidal

made of a single layer of cube-shaped cells that primarily function in absorption and secretion within kidney tubules and gland ducts

stratified cuboidal

made of multiple layers of cube-shaped cells that primarily function to protect and reinforce the walls of large gland ducts

columnar

made of a single layer of tall, rectangular cells that primarily function in absorption and secretion of mucus and enzymes throughout the digestive tract

pseudostratified

made of a single layer of tall cells that appear stratified because their nuclei rest at different heights, functioning primarily to secrete and propel mucus using surface cilia in the respiratory tract, has cilia

areolar

sparse, random arrangement of collagen fibers - found in organs, cushion, support, and bind organs

dense regular

collagen fibers organized directionally the same - found in tendons/ligaments

dense irregular

made of thick, randomly arranged collagen fibers woven in multiple directions, which is found in the dermis of the skin and joint capsules to primarily function to withstand tension exerted from many different angles

elastic

flexible, specialized connective tissue rich in elastin fibers that allows body structures to bend and return to their original shape - external ear

adipose

stores fat in adipocytes; more cells than extracellular matrix - beneath the skin and within the abdomen to primarily function to store energy, insulate the body, and protect organs

elastic

flexible, specialized connective tissue rich in elastin fibers that allows body structures to bend and return to their original shape - external ear

bone (osseosus) ct

calcified extracellular matrix (in the skeleton)

blood (hematopoietic) ct

fluid matrix containing cells - cardiovascular system

reticular fiber

supportive framework in lymphoid organs and the liver, appearing as a thin, black, branching meshwork - grey stain

fibrocartilage

tough and shock absorber for structures subjected to pressue - found in knees

skeletal muscle

voluntary, striated, multinucleate, bones, produce movement

cardiac muscle

Involuntary, striated, one nucleus, intercalated discs, heart, pump blood

smooth muscle

Involuntary, unstriated (smooth), one nucleus, hollow organs blood vessels and reproductive tracts, control movement of hollow organs

nervous tissue

neurons and nerve support + send impulses to other areas of the body