BIOL2114 Unit Exam Three Study Guide - Cardiovascular & Respiratory

Vocabulary flashcards covering key cardiovascular and respiratory concepts from BIOL2114 Unit Exam Three Guide.

Baroreceptors

Sensory receptors within the cardiovascular system that monitor blood pressure changes to influence vasomotor outcomes and regulate MAP.

Vasomotor Outcomes

Changes in blood vessel diameter and vascular resistance mediated by autonomic nervous system signaling (sympathetic and parasympathetic) and baroreceptors.

Renin-angiotensin

A major hormonal system involved in regulating blood pressure, vascular resistance, and changes in MAP.

Intrinsic Regulation

Local tissue-level mechanisms that adjust blood flow independently of nervous or hormonal control.

Extrinsic Regulation

Systemic control of blood pressure and blood flow distribution mediated by hormones and the nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic).

Intrapulmonary Pressure

The pressure within the alveoli of the lungs, which fluctuates with thoracic cavity volume changes during breathing.

Dalton’s Law

A respiratory gas law stating that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas.

Harry’s Law

A gas law listed alongside Dalton's Law in the respiratory study guide related to gas behavior and gas exchange.

Pulmonary Gas Exchange

The exchange of gases across the respiratory membrane between the alveolar air space and the pulmonary capillary blood.

Tissue Gas Exchange

The exchange of gases between systemic capillary blood and the surrounding body tissues.

Pneumothorax

An accumulation of air in the pleural cavity that disrupts thoracic cavity pressure gradients and can lead to lung collapse.

Atelectasis

The collapse of a lung or part of a lung, often associated with pneumothorax or airway obstruction.

Compliance

The measure of the lungs' and thoracic wall's ability to stretch and expand in response to changes in pressure.

Alveolar Sac Cell Types

The specialized cells lining the alveolar sacs, essential for gas exchange and maintaining lung structural integrity.

Acidosis

A physiological condition characterized by an abnormally low blood pH or excessive acid accumulation in body fluids.