exam 2 for letture and lab

define end feel What are all the end feel?

A end feel is resistance or sensation felt when a joint reaches the end of its available passive range of motion

Hard

Firm

Soft

Empty

Explain hard end feel and give too example

Bone on bone

A hard end feel is a resistance caused by bone or bone contact

Example : elbow extension and radial deviation

Explain firm end feel and give two examples

A firm end feels is resistance of movement that is caused from stretching of the joint capsule, ligaments and muscles

Examples shoulder external rotation

Define ipsilateral?

Occurring on or Located on the same side of body

What movement is this and the axis and normal range , stationary arm

Shoulder flexion

Axis the lateral acromion

Lateral midline of truck

0-180

0- 60

What is the substitution for hip extension and pta invention

Anterior pelvic tilt And arching of the lower back

Stabilize the hand over the PSIS

What is the substitution for ankle Dorsey flexion and then pta correction

Extension of the great toe and eversion of the foot

Keep the toes, relax

What movement is this and normal range

Ankle inversion

The axis the talus

Movement arm the 2 nd metatarsal

0-35

What is the substitution of a forearm coronation and then PTA corrections?

Shoulder abduction, and internal rotation

Stabilize the elbow against the rib cage keep the elbow flex at 90°

What is the substitution for a shoulder, AB deduction and then PTA and interventions

Lateral flexion and Scapular elevation

Stabilize the acromion process

Define soft end feel and give two examples

Soft end feel is a resistance of movement caused by soft tissue compressing against soft tissue

Example; elbow flexion, knee flexion

what is contralateral?

occurring on or relating on the opposite body

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Cervial flexion

The external auditory meatus ( the ear)

Vertical to the floor

The base of nars

0-45

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Cervial extension

The external auditory meatus

Vertical to floor

The base of nars

0-45

What is a empty feel and give example

A empty feel is when movement is stopped because of person pain

How does the sagittal plane divide body and what movement occur in the plane ?

Left and right halves

Movements - flexion and extension

Define active range of motion. List 3 benefits

AROM WHEN THE PATIENT PERFORMS THE MOVE INDEPENDENTLY WITHOUT ANY ASSISTANT OR EXTERNAL SUPPORT

BENEFITS INCLUDE MUSCULAR STRENGTH, JOINT NUTRITION, endurance

0-150

define hypomobility

How to document it

Mobility is when a joint then

transverse plane and the movement

Upper and lower halves

Rotation, pronation and supination

What does bilateral mean

Bofh

If a patient is laying supine where would the placement of the pressure ulcers form

Back of the head (occiput )

The back of the shoulder ( shoulder blades)

The back ( scapulae, spinous process)

The elbows

The butt ( the sacrum)

Back of the legs

And the heal of the feet

What type of patient are risk for developing pressure ulcers gives 3 examples

Patient are immobility

Patient who are in advanced in age

patent with poor nutritional status

What are the ways to prevent pressure ulcers for patient that bedridden

Bed positioning

2 hour rule- turn a dependent patient every 2 hours 30 degree lateral tilted position

elevate the heel( place a pillow underneath their their calfs )

What are the 6 movements of the hip and list the ranges

Hip flexion 0-120

Hip adduction 0-30

Hip abduction 0- 45

Hip hyerextension 0-20

Hip internal rotation 0- 45

Hip external rotation 0- 45

Define functional range of motion

The amount of range of motion needed to perform every day activities.

List of 6 movements of shoulder girdle

Elevation

Depression

Protraction

Retraction

Upward rotation.

Downward rotation

What are three precautions for range of motion?

Hemophilia

Serve edema

Fragile skikn

Yes, what are red flags with vitals to stop treatment?

Chest pain

Severe shortness of breath

Severe dizziness

Significant drop of blood pressure during exercise

Confusion, are you talking to me?

Lumber disc herniation

When the nucleus pulpous spills out the anulus rings. And

Explain disc protrusions

The spinal canal starts to be narrow

A pinched spinal nerve

The annulus fibrosus starts to tear

Explain disc extrusion

The annulus fibrous tears

Nucleolus nucleus pulposus starts to herniated

The spinal canal is narrow

The a spinal nerve gets pinched

Explain disc sequestration

Tears in annulus fibrosus

The nucleolus spills out

the spinal canal gets narrowed

A nerve root is pinched

What is name of main joint that makes up the wrist

radiocarpal joint

What is main joint of shoulder called

glenohummeral joint

What is the joint of the hip

Ilio femoral joint

What is name of this movement

The axis

The stationary arm

And the normal range

Hip external rotation

The axis is the patella

The pendicullsr to the floor

0- 45

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Cervial lateral flexion

C7

Thoracic vertebrae

The occipital

0-45

What are 6 movement of the shoulder

Shoulder internal rotation

Shoulder external rotation

shoulder abduction

Shoulder hyper extension

Should horizontal abbuction

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

0 to 50

What is the normal range for radical deviation and is the axis

0-25

the capiate

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Cervial rotation

Center of cranial

The acronmia

The tip of the noes

0-60 degrees

What are five region of spine ( list the vertebrate)

Cervical ( c1 -c7)

Thoracic (t1-t12)

Lumber (l1 to l 5)

Sacrum (s1 to s5)

Coccyx (c1-c4)

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Knee extension

Knee line joint

Lateral midline of femur

0-10

Define facet joints of the spine

The bony structure that connects the vertebrae together

What is consider mild pain the numeric scale ?

1-3

What is considered moderate pain on the number scale

4-6

What is consider serve pain one a number scale ?

7 to 9

What movement is this and the axis

The range of

Shoulder external rotation

the olercrannon process

0-90

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Shoulder abduction

Anterior of acrimony

The sternum

Midline of the hummers

0-180

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Wrist extension

The triquetrum

Lateral midline of ulna

Lateral midline of 5th metacarpal

0- 70

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Ankle eversion

The talus

The tibia creast

2nd metatarsals

0- 15

What movement is this and what is the stationary arm

The range the axis

Knee flexion

The lateral midline of femur

Knee line joint

0-135

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Knee extension

Knee line joint

Lateral midline of femur

Lateral mild line of fibula

0-10

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Ankle dorsiflexion

Lateral Malous

The lateral midline of fibula

5/meterarsal

0-20

What type of patient you would this numeric rating scale

8 years old and up

Adolescent and Adults

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Hip flexion

Greater trochanter

Lateral midline of the truck

Lateral midline of femur

0-120

Which type of patient would you use wrong baker faces

Young Children

3 to 7 year old

What movement is this and what is the axis and normal range?

Horizontal shoulder adduction

The axis of the ispitaeral acromion

The normal range is 0-120

Which type of patients would use the flacc scale

Non verbal patient

Congntive impairment

Toddlers

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Wrist radical deviation

The capitate

Dorsal mind line of forearm

3rd metacarpal

0-15

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Shoulder internal rotation

0-70

Who would use this scale on

Infants

0-1

Who would use the behavioral scale on

ICU patients

Intubated patients

Patient who requires MAX level of assist, which knee would during transfer

Block both of their knees when they said

Then block the stronger knee to pivot

Your center of gravity is located proximal at

S1

Patient who requires MOD level of assist, which knee would during transfer

Block both needs to stands ,

then weaker knee to pivot

Patient who requires Min level of assist, which knee would during transfer

Bock the weak knee to stand

And stay close the weak knee during pivot

Patient who requires close chain level of assist, which knee would during transfer

No knees are block

But Stand in front of patient holding the gait belt with both hands

Patient who requires cga level of assist, which knee would during transfer

No need to block

Can stand to side with least one hand on gait belt

What are the ways to prevent pressure ulcers for patients that are in wheelchair

Frontal plane and the movements ?

Divides the body into front and back

Abduction, adduction and lateral flexion

If a patient is side lying where would the placement of the pressure ulcers form

The ear

Acromion process

Greater trochanter

The malleoi

When shouldn’t rom be performed on a patient? List of 6 reasons

Patient has unhealed fractures

Immediately after surgery

Patient has acute inflammation

Patient has joint instability

Patient has physicians restrictions

Pt has myositis

How do we document range of motion and our notes?

The joint and the side it’s one ( left or right)

The movement of the joint (flexion or extension)

The type of range of motion performed ( AROM or PROM)

And the range of the joint

Define hypermobility and how would you document it?

Hyper mobility is when a person joint can extend past the neutral range

You would document it by first put in

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

hip abduction

Asis

The line between 2 Asis

Anterior midline of the femur

What is rom and how is it measured

Rom is the amount movement that is available at joint

It measured in degrees , funcational movement, and joint mobility

Define prom

Movements is produced by entirely another person or external force

What type of business require you to use passive range of motion?

Patient who paralyze

Patient wear a

Patient with severe weakness

Patient postop restriction

patient are sedated

Why does goniometry mater to a pta. List the 4 reasons

To establish a baseline

To track project progress

To ensure safety

For document documentation

Define intratester (rom) the different types of reliability

The consistency of measurements that are made by the same person

When the same joint is measured several times by the same tester ( person(

What does of reliability mean in terms of measurement

Reliability is the consistency of a measurement when repeated.

Getting the same/similar result when measuring a joint

Can i do the same measurement didn’t times and get the same result

Define intertester. The different types of reliability

When is same joint is measure by two different testers

The consistency of measurement made by two or more people

Test re test reliabilty

name movement

The axis

The stationary arm

The moveable arm

The range

Forearm supination