Secretion, Reabsorption and Water Conservation Phys

Where does most glomerulus filtrate get reabsorbed?

Proximal convoluted tubule

What are two ways that the PCT reabsorbs solutes?

Transcellular (pass through cells) or paracellular (past between cells via gap junctions, solute dragged through via water)

In the PCT, what kinds of transport proteins help sodium get reabsorbed into the blood?

Symporters (bind Na and another solute) or Na-H antiport (trades a H for a Na)

How is sodium prevented from accumulating in epithelial cells in the PCT?

Na-K pumps use primary active transport to pump Na into the extracellular fluid, where it is picked up by peritubular capillaries and returned to the blood

During tubular reabsorption, what ions diffuse through the paracellular route with water?

Potassium, magnesium and phosphate and some calcium

What factors promote osmosis into the capillaries?

High interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (Pif). Low bloow hydrostatic pressure (Pc) and high blood oncotic pressure (Pic).

What is the primary function of the nephron loop?

generates a salinlity gradient that enables collecting duct to concentrate urine and conserve water.