Communication Studies: Johari Window, Listening, Nonverbal Codes & Culture

What is the Johari Window?

A theory created by Joseph Luft and Harrington Ingham that illustrates how self-disclosure and feedback build trust in interpersonal relationships.

What does the Open Self represent in the Johari Window?

Information known to both ourselves and others.

What is the Hidden Self in the Johari Window?

Information known to ourselves but not known to others.

Define Blind Self in the context of the Johari Window.

Aspects of ourselves that we are unaware of but that others can see.

What does the Unknown Self refer to in the Johari Window?

Information that is not known by ourselves or others.

What is the difference between hearing and listening?

Hearing is a passive activity of perceiving sound, while listening is an active process aimed at understanding meaning.

What is Discriminative Listening?

Focusing on distinguishing between different stimuli, both auditory and visual.

What does Comprehensive Listening involve?

Understanding and remembering what a person is saying.

Define Therapeutic Listening.

Listening that occurs when someone is soundboarding for another person during an interaction.

What is Critical Listening?

Analyzing the message being sent to determine its acceptability or validity.

What is Appreciative Listening?

Listening for enjoyment or appreciation of the message being sent.

What is Discourse in terms of conversation types?

A one-way conversation aimed at transmitting information from sender to receiver.

Define Dialogue.

A two-way conversation aimed at exchanging information and building relationships.

What is the goal of a Debate?

To win an argument or persuade someone to change their thoughts, values, beliefs, or behavior.

What characterizes a Diatribe?

A one-way conversation intended to express emotions or intimidate those who disagree.

What is Nonverbal Communication?

Communication by means other than words, which is the primary way people communicate.

What happens when verbal and nonverbal messages disagree?

People tend to believe the nonverbal message 60% - 70% of the time.

What is Attribution Error?

The tendency to explain behavior by character rather than by circumstances.

List the Six Functions of Nonverbal Communication.

Complements, Contradicts, Accents, Repeats, Regulates, Substitutes.

What does Haptics study?

The study of touch, including duration, frequency, and intensity.

Define Vocalics.

The study of vocal elements excluding words, such as timbre, pitch, and rhythm.

What is Kinesics?

The study of body gestures and facial expressions.
EMBLEM, Illustrator, Affect Displays, Regulators

What does Proxemics refer to?

The study of space and personal distance in communication.

What are Hall's Four Distances in Proxemics?

Intimate (0-18 inches), Personal (18 inches to 4 feet), Social (4 feet to 12 feet), Public (12 feet to 25 feet).

What is the difference between Monochronic and Polychronic time?

Monochronic (M-Time) focuses on one task at a time, while Polychronic (P-Time) involves multitasking.

What is Culture in the context of communication?

A group that shares perceptions of the world that shape their beliefs, values, norms, rules, and behaviors.

What are the Three Levels of Culture?

Dominant Culture, Co-Culture, and Microculture.

Define Ethnocentrism.

The belief that one's own culture is superior to others, often leading to negative judgments about other cultures.

SADFISH

Eckman & Friesen’s 7 Universal Expressions:
Surprise, Anger, Disgust, Fear, Interest, Sadness, Happiness

Artifacts

What you wear, carry, and own

Olfactics

Scent, tied to memory

Appearance

Shapes who approaches you, how it defines you.