AP Psych- History & Perspectives- Shaan Kaila

Developmental Psychology

Study of human mental and physical growth from prenatal period through childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age

Physiological Psych

Investigates the biological basis of human Bx, thoughts, and emotions; researches the brain, nervous system, and other physical origins of bx

Experimental

Scientific study of human and animal bx (reaserch)

Personality

Study of individual differences and traits

Clinical & Counseling

treat patients with mild to serve emotional and bx disturbances; conducts research on the causes of bx and effectiveness of treatments

Humanistic

focuses on human experience, problems, potentials and ideals; emphasizes self esteem.

Psychodynamic

Theory of Behevior that emphasizes internal conflicts, motives, and unconscious forces.

Biological

Human and Animal Behevior is the result of internal, physical, chemical, and biological processes

Behavioral

Explains human thought and behavior in terms of conditioning; emphasizes overt, observable behavior

Cognitive

Studies human thinking and information processing abilities

sociocultural

The focus on the importance of social and cultural contexts in influencing the behavior of individuals

Evolutionary

Examines thoughts and behavior in terms if natural selection and passing down traits through generations.

Positive Psych

The study of human strengths, virtues and effective functioning

Clinical Psychologist

Specializes in the diagnosis, causes and treatments of psychological and behavioral disorders.

counseling psych

Specializes in the treatment of milder emotional and behavioral disturbances; concerned with “normal “ problems of adjustment

Psychiatrist

Medical doctor who specializes in the diagnoiss and treatment of disorders; can prescribe meds

Psychiatrist Social Worker

Mental health professional trained to apply social science principles to help patiens in clinics and hospitals.

Wilhelm Wundt

First Formal Psychology lab; started structuralism

Edward B. Titchener

Wundt’s student; Broke down consciousness into 3 elements: Physical, feeling, images

Structuralism

School of Psych that stresses the basic untis of experience and the combinations in which they occur

William James

First American Born Psychologist; Founder of Functionalism

Functionalism

Theory of mental life and behavior that is concered with how an organism uses its perceptual abilities to function and adapt to its enviorment

Gestalt Psychology

Rejected Structuralism; perception= our tendency to see patterns, to distingush an object from its background to compete a picture from a few cues.

Sigmund Frued

Psychoanalytic Theory; behavior results from psychological dynamics that interact within indivisual, often outside the conscious awareness

Unconscious

All ideas, thoughts, and feelings of which we are not and cannot be aware

Repression

Excluding uncomfotorable thoughts, feelings, and desires from consciousness

Behaviorism

School of thought that studiesonly observable and measurable behavior

Ivan Pavlov

Russian physiologist; classic conditioning, all behavior is learned responses to some stimulus in the enviorment

Stimulus

any events that elicits a response

response

any reaction elicited from a stimulus

BF Skinner

Behaviorlist- operant conditioning, bx can be changed through reinforcments and punishments

Reinforcement

Any event following a bx that will increase the likelihood of repeating that bx

Punishment

Any event following a bx that will decrease the likelihood of repeating that bx

Eclecticism

Approach where 2 or more systems are recognizes/ borrowed