Archeology and Tribes

Archaeology

The study of the past based on artifacts and physical evidence left behind by people

Artifact

An object made by a human being typically of cultural or historical interest

Indigenous

Originating or occurring naturally in a particular place or native to a region

Resources

A supply or source of support that people use to survive and meet their needs

Nomadic

Wandering or moving about from place to place following food sources

Environment

The surroundings or conditions in which a person animal or plant lives

Inhabit

To live or dwell in a specific place

Harvest

The gathering of ripe crops for a season

Climate

The average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time

Forest

A large area of land covered with trees and dense vegetation

Migrate

To move from one place or region to another

Nomads

People who wander from place to place rather than living in a permanent settlement

Inuit

Native American tribe that lived in the frozen Arctic and Canadian Shield region

Kwakiutl

Native American tribe that lived on the rainy Pacific Northwest coast and Coastal Range

Lakota

Native American tribe that lived on the flat grasslands of the Great Plains and Midwest

Pueblo

Native American tribe that lived in the dry desert region of the Southwest and Basin and Range

Haudenosaunee

Native American tribe that lived in the Eastern Woodlands and Appalachian Mountain region also known as the Iroquois

Natural Resources

Things found directly in nature that people use to survive such as animals water stone and plants

Human Resources

Skilled people who use their strength knowledge and labor to do work for a community

Capital Resources

Tools weapons structures or transportation made by human hands to help do a job

Arctic Tundra

A flat treeless region in the far north where the soil remains frozen year-round

Igloo

A winter dome shelter constructed from blocks of packed ice and snow used by the Inuit

Kayak

A small light boat built from a wooden or bone frame covered in waterproof animal skin

Qamutiik

A sturdy wooden or bone-framed sled pulled across ice and snow by trained dogs

Harpoon

A long spear-like weapon with a sharp tip used to hunt seals and whales

Plank Longhouse

A large permanent cedar wood home built by the Kwakiutl to house extended families

Totem Pole

A tall wooden post carved from cedar with animal and human figures recording clan history

Potlatch

A large ceremonial feast hosted by Kwakiutl leaders to share wealth by giving away gifts

Cedar Tree

A crucial natural resource in the Pacific Northwest used for making houses canoes tools and clothing

Great Plains

A vast region of flat open grasslands with hot summers cold winters and very few trees

Teepee

A cone-shaped portable shelter made of wooden poles wrapped in buffalo hides used by nomadic tribes

Buffalo

Primary animal hunted on the Great Plains for food shelter and clothing by the Lakota

Adobe

A natural building brick made by mixing clay water and straw and drying it in the desert sun

Three Sisters

The three main crops grown together by Indigenous farmers consisting of corn beans and squash

Irrigation

A human-made system of ditches and stone dams built to channel river water to farm crops in dry land

Eastern Woodlands

A region characterized by heavy forests rolling hills rivers and four distinct seasons

Wampum

Belts or strings woven with polished purple and white seashells used to record treaties and stories

Great Law of Peace

The democratic constitution and agreement that united the six nations of the Iroquois Confederacy

Adaptation

A change in lifestyle behavior or technology that helps humans survive in their specific environment

Canadian Shield

The northern geography region where the Inuit lived

Coastal Range

The Pacific coastal geography region where the Kwakiutl lived

Basin and Range

The southwestern desert geography region where the Pueblo lived

Appalachian Mountains

The eastern mountain region where the Haudenosaunee lived

Midwest

The interior plains geography region where the Lakota lived

Malamute Dogs

Working dogs used by the Inuit to pull sleds across ice and snow

Seal

A sea mammal hunted by the Inuit for meat and skins

Whale

A large sea mammal hunted by the Inuit for food blubber and bones

Salmon

A primary fish caught by the Kwakiutl on the Pacific coast

Longhouse

A permanent wooden shelter built by the Haudenosaunee in the Eastern Woodlands

Pottery

Clay vessels crafted by the Pueblo using adobe clay

Pacific Northwest

The rainy coastal region where the Kwakiutl lived

Southwest

The dry desert region where the Pueblo lived