MOD 9 Pretest - US History: Civil War Era

Vocabulary flashcards covering key people, events, battles, legislation, and concepts from the pre-Civil War and Civil War eras based on the Module 9 Pretest review.

Clara Barton

Union nurse who cared for the sick and wounded at the front lines.

Conscription

The draft of citizens for military service.

Franklin Pierce

The 14th President of the United States.

Harriet Tubman

Known as the "Moses" of her people and the most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad.

Vicksburg

Battle along the Mississippi River that cut the Confederacy in half after a siege on the city.

Roger B. Taney

Supreme Court Chief Justice who announced that slaves were property, not people.

Thirteenth Amendment

Constitutional amendment establishing that "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall exist in the US."

Gettysburg

Three-day battle considered to be the turning point of the Civil War.

James Buchanan

The 15th President of the United States.

George McClellan

First General in charge of the Union army who later ran against Abraham Lincoln in the 1864 presidential election.

Stephen A. Douglas

Senator from Illinois who helped push through the Compromise of 1850 and debated Abraham Lincoln.

Fort Pillow

Site where Confederate troops killed over 200 African American prisoners and some whites.

William Tecumseh Sherman

Commander of the military division of the Mississippi who believed in total war and marched from Georgia to the sea, burning everything in his path.

Compromise of 1850

Legislative agreement that allowed California to enter the Union as a free state.

Abraham Lincoln

The 16th President of the United States.

Fugitive Slave Act

Act establishing that runaway slaves who had escaped to the North could be arrested and returned to the South to be forced into slavery.

Appomattox Court House

Court house where Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant.

United States Sanitary Commission

Group dedicated to providing relief for injured soldiers during the Civil War.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Act that repealed the Missouri Compromise and established popular sovereignty in territories to the West.

Nativism

The policy or attitude of favoring native-born Americans over immigrants.

David Farragut

Union naval commander who re-took New Orleans from the Confederates.

John Wilkes Booth

The 26-year-old actor who assassinated Abraham Lincoln.

Dred Scott

Enslaved man who sued for his freedom after his master moved him from Missouri to Illinois and Wisconsin.

Popular Sovereignty

The right of residents of a territory to vote for or against slavery.

Robert E. Lee

Commanding General of the Confederate army.

Fort Sumter

Site of the first aggression of the Civil War, located in South Carolina Harbor.

Underground Railroad

Secret network of people and safe houses that helped enslaved people escape to freedom.

Ulysses S. Grant

Union General who accepted the surrender of the South and later became the 18th President of the United States.

Emancipation Proclamation

Executive order that declared all slaves living in areas currently under Confederate control free.

Stonewall Jackson

Confederate General who made a name for himself at the Battle of Bull Run.

Republican Party

Political party formed by combining anti-slavery Democrats and Free-Soilers.

Copperheads

Northern Democrats who advocated peace with the South.

Andersonville

The worst Confederate prisoner-of-war camp, where one-third ($\frac{1}{3}$) of all prisoners died.

Anaconda Plan

The Northern military strategy designed to defeat the Confederacy and win the war.

Antietam

The bloodiest single day in United States military history.

Millard Fillmore

The 13th President of the United States who supported the Compromise of 1850.

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Author of the anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom's Cabin.

Monitor and Merrimack

Union and Confederate ironclad warships that fought a historic duel.

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederate States of America.

John Brown

Abolitionist who led a massacre at Pottawatomie and an unsuccessful raid at Harpers Ferry.

Bull Run

The first official major battle of the Civil War.

Habeas Corpus

A court order requiring authorities to bring a person held in jail before a court to determine why he or she is being detained.

Secession

The formal withdrawal of a state from the Union.