History SAC 2

Paphlet War

May 1788, Louis relaxed censorship laws so people could be informed of tax reforms

Between May 1788 and April 1789, over 4000 pamphlets published, by December 1789, 250 newspaper

What is the Third Estate?

Written by Abbe Sieyes: What is the Third Estate: Everything

What had it been before in the Political Order: Nothing

What does it demand? To be something therein

Cahiers de Doleances - nobles

252 from nobles - 90 were liberal

Cahiers de Doleances - majority

Historian John Markoff claims:

33% of peasants demanded abolition of Siegneural rights

45% criticised the siegneural system in either general or specific terms

Over 42% wanted reform or abolition of various taxes

Rural Revolts

March and April 1789

Manosque, Provence: People stoned their bishop, who they suspected of hoarding

Reveillon Riots

27-28 April 1789

4 pound bread 4 sous in August 1788, 14 Sous in 1789

Peasants attacked Reveillon and Henriet (false rumor)

Esates General Convenes

May 2 1789: Louis had an audience with each differently

May 4 1789: All estates walked in procession to Church of St. Louis in celebration

Opening Ceremony Estates General

5 May 1789, Louis fails to offer reforms

Dispute over credentials

6 May 1789, Thirds estate refuses to do credentials without other estates: worry of voting by order

Jean-Sylvain Bailly appointed to control debates

First Estate difference

"It was in the Church... that the separation between rich and poor was most bitterly articulated."

Declaration of National Assembky

13 June 1789, three clergy joined Third Estate

17 June 1789, Commons declared themselves the National Assembly

19 June 1789, Clergy voted to join National Assembly

Tennis Court Oath

20 June 1789, salle des Menus-Plaisirs locked

Jean Joseph Mounier: "All members of this assembly shall immediately take a solemn oath not to separate and to reassamble whenever circumstances require, until the constitution of the kingdom is established."

Royal Session

23 June 1789, Louis announces NA null and void

"Go and tell those who have sent you that we are here by the will of the nation and we will go only if we are driven out by bayonets" - Mirabeau

27 June 1789, Louis capitulated, order estates meet in common and vote by head

Louis military move

26 June 1789, six regiments ordered to Versailles

1 July 1789, ten regiments from provinces to outskirts of Paris

10 July, 1789 justifies as to protect assembly

Necker Dismissal

11 July 1789, Necker dismissed

12 July , immediate outroar, St Lazara monastery looted

14 July, Hotel des Invalides invaded

Fall of the Bastille

14 July 1789. 98 civilians Dead, 78 wounded, 6 soldiers dead

Reactions to fall of bastille

15 July 1789, Louis visited National Assembly: "so astonishingly, so disconcertingly naked, that it amounted to abdication." Necker recalled, voting by head, royal troops withdrawn

Municipal Revolutions

13 July 1789: New Municipal government formed

15 July 1789: National guard formed, led by Lafayette

Louis Promises Municipal revolution

17 July 1789, Louis a ccepted revolutionary cockade from Lafayetter and Bailly. Appeared on balcony, wearing tricolour cockade

Great Fear

20 July - 6 August 1789

Belief that the nobility were plotting to destroy the revolution - Fear of Brigands

"It must count as one of the most imporant episodes in the history of the French Revolution."

Night of Patriotic Delirium

4 August 1789, progressive members gave up their privileges

Principle of equal taxation introduced and accepted

Marquies de Ferrieres- "a moment of patriotic drunkness"