American Government - Unit 2 - Federalism

The Framers of the Constitution got many ideas about governing from which of the following?

European Philosophers of the 18th century

Which of the following is a power reserved to the states?

controlling public school systems

Which of the following is an expressed power of the president?

commanding the military

Under the confederation system, the national government answered to the...?

state legislators, who appointed members of Congress

What is the meaning of the Supremacy Clause?

If federal and state laws conflict, valid federal laws take precedence

The Federal government is denied the power to do which of the following?

take away freedom of speech

No level of government may try a person under an ex post facto law, meaning a law that was passed....?

after the alleged crime took place

Under the full faith and credit clause of the Constitution, a state must...?

honor the public acts and court proceedings of other states

Creating local governments is which type of power?

Reserved

Which of the following best describes how the Civil War affected Federalism?

The war resulted in new federal powers over the states

How was the relationship between the federal and state governments generally understood during the period of dual federalism?

Federal and state governments were each sovereign in their own sphere

According to the Doctrine of Nullification, states could...?

refuse to obey or enforce federal laws with which they disagreed

Which of the following arguments best supports the 19th century claim that federal regulation of workplace safety was needed?

Businesses were becoming national and state regulation was ineffective

Under his program of creative federalism, Lyndon Johnson's aim was to...?

use the national government to eliminate poverty and social inequality

Which of the following proposals is an example of the kind of federalism favored by Ronald Reagan?

provide federal aid to the states with fewer strings

The Republicans' 1994 Contract with America is an example of which of the following ideas?

devolution

Which statement best describes the doctrine of secession?

states have the right to separate themselves from the Union

What was the purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887?

regulating the railroad industry

Which of the following represents an example of fiscal federalism?

The Morrill Act of 1862 granted land to states to help finance education

Why is the 16th amendment an important element in the system of fiscal federalism?

it allows for a significant increase in federal income through the income tax

Which of the following is the main source of income for the federal government today?

income tax

Why did President Reagan use block grants in the 1980's ?

he wanted to reduce the size of the federal government

Supporters of devolution would argue that environmental protection is....?

best handled at the state and local level

When congress places demands on states without grant money, it is...?

imposing an unfunded mandate

Which of the following is the best argument for giving states a role in controlling immigration?

states must deal with many of the effects of immigration

Which of the following would be most likely if devolution were applied to a health care program?

states would gain more control and face fewer federal mandates

What justification has the national government used for imposing federal mandates such as school busing, desegregation, and affirmative action?

equal protection clause of the 14th amendment

Which of the following best expresses the federal government's chief reason for providing grants-in-aid?

aiding and influencing states

The system for sharing power between national and state governments is called __________

Federalism

Enumerated, or ________,powers are carefully spelled out in the Constitution for each branch of the federal government

expressed

________ powers are not mentioned in the Constitution but are historically understood as essential to all governments that conduct the business of a sovereign nation

Inherent

The 10th amendment leaves _____ powers to the states

reserved

Under the doctrine of _________, a state has a right to withdraw from the Union

secession

In the 1990s, Republicans promoted the doctrine of __________, saying they wanted to return power to the states

devolution

The Sherman Antitrust Act sought to regulate large businesses which formed __________ by gaining exclusive control of particular goods or services

monopolies

In response to the Great Depression, Franklin Roosevelt's ___ ______ greatly expanded the federal government's role in addressing the social and economic welfare of Americans

New Deal

A federal grant for the building of a new airport in a particular city would most likely be a ____________ grant

categorical

Federal aid to states for highways might contain a federal __________ requiring states to lower their maximum speed limits

mandate

Inherent power

power to acquire new territory

ex post facto law

used to convict a man of something not a crime when he did it

reserved power

power of state government to set up a public school system

block grant

federal payment to states for a broad range of health programs

devolution

giving states more power to decide how to manage their welfare programs

implied power

power of federal government to regulate interstate crime

expressed power

power of federal government to set up federal courts

categorical grant

federal payment to Arizona to reduce pollution in Phoenix

unfunded mandate

federal rule requiring new speed limit signs, paid for by states

concurrent power

power of state and federal governments to tax incomes

U.S Supreme Court

their main responsibility is resolving conflicts between states and the federal government

McCulloch VS. Maryland

addressed the issue of whether a state could tax a federal institution

Concurrent

the power to borrow money

Federal Government

their main tool for influencing states + communities is distributing grants-in-aid

Federal Mandates

requirements imposed by the federal government as a condition of receiving grant money

Ronald Reagan

he felt the federal government grew large and powerful at the expense of the states

Cooperative Federalism

joint federal and state efforts to resolve problems during and after the New Deal

Declaring War

this is an expressed power of the federal government that is NOT shared with the states

Federalism

this could be described as the different levels of government that share authority over the same land + people

Implied Power

an example of this for the federal government is the regulation of TV + radio stations