unit 8 leason 1-2
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33 Terms
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atoms
the smallest particle that can still be considered an element.
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atomic theory
all elements are made up of atoms, atoms with different elements have different masses and vise versa, elements at a set ratio.
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electron
negatively charged particle in the atoms
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proton
positively charged particle in the atom
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Dalton's Atomic Theory
elements that consist of atoms cannot be divided and all atoms of the same element are exactly alike and have the same mass and vise versa.
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J.J Thompson
discovered that atoms have electrons and protons
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neutron
a small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with electrical charge
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All protons are written
as p+
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All electrons are written
as e-
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All neutrons are written
as n
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How does scientists measure atoms?
using atomic mass units (amu)
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proton=
1 amu
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neutron=
1 amu
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electron=
1/1,840 amu
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atomic number
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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isotopes
atoms with the same number of protons and different number of neutrons
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atomic mass or mass number
the sum of the protons and neutrons in the atom
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periodic table
a chart showing all the elements arranged according to the repeating pattern of their properties
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chemical symbol
a one-or-two- letter abbreviation for the element
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periods
rows in the periodic table
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The periods are divided in 3 groups:
metalloids, metals and nonmetals
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What groups are in the nonmetals and metalloids?
The Boron Family, The Carbon Family, The Nitrogen Family and The Oxygen Family
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What groups are the metals?
Alkali Metals, Alkine Earth Metals and Transition Metals
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What did Mendeleev did for the periodic table?
he created and organized the periodic table
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Who is the first to have started developing the ideas regarding atoms?
democritus
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Democritus coined the term “atomos” what does it mean?
uncuttable
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What is the name of this model?
Bohr Model
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What is the name of this model?
Modern Atomic Model
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Who said that atoms of an element cannot be changed to the atoms of another element through any chemical reaction?
Dalton
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Who said that atoms are mostly empty space?
Rutherford
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What is the name of this model?
Dalton’s Model
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Who discovered electrons?
Thompson
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Who discovered that atoms have a small dense and positive center?
Rutherford