endocrine drugs characteristics

insulin glargine indication

type I and type II diabetes

DPP-4 contraindication

type I diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis

DPP-4 cadr

nasopharyngitis

DPP-4 radr

increased serum lipase, pancreatitis, heart failure

sulfonylurea contraindication

type I diabetes, diabetes ketoacidosis, hypersensitivity

sulfonylurea cadr

hypoglycemia, nausea, headache dizziness

sulfonylurea radr

hemolytic anemia, hepatotoxicity, disulfiram reaction

sulfonylurea counsel

take first thing in the morning on an empty stomach (30 min before food), photosensitivity, avoid alcohol

DPP-4 counsel

take once a day with or without food

biguanide metformin contraindication

metabolic acidosis, hypersensitivity, use with contrast media, use in eGFR< 30mL/ min²

biguanide metformin bbw

lactic acidosis

biguanide metformin cadr

nausea, diarrhea, flatulence, low vitamin B12

biguanide metformin radr

lactic acidosis, hepatotoxicity, hemolytic anemia

biguanide metformin counsel

do not crush or chew ER tablets, better taken with food to decrease GI upset

TZD contraindication

NYHA class III or IV heart failure

TZD bbw

congestive heart failure

TZD cadr

edema, hypoglycermia

TZD radr

CHF, bladder cancer, fractures, hepatotoxicity

TZD counsel

take at the same time each day, alert provider if notice any swelling or changes in urination

meglitinide contraindication

diabetic ketoacidosis, type I diabetes, use with gemfibrozil

meglitinide cadr

headache, hypoglycemia, nausea/ vomiting

meglitinide radr

angina, HTN, arrhythmia, SJS

meglitinide counsel

must take within 30 mins of meals, no meal=no dose, will cause hypoglycemia

GLP-1 receptor agonist contraindication

family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma, patients with MENS2

MENS2

multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2

GLP-1 receptor agonist bbw

thyroid cell carcinoma

GLP-1 receptor agonist cadr

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, decreased appetite

GLP-1 receptor agonist radr

pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, acute renal failure or worsening of preexisting renal disease

GLP-1 receptor agonist counsel

rotate injection sites weekly, keeping a 2 inch perimeter around navel, take on the same day each week (or same time each day), eat smaller meals

SGLT2 contraindication

severe renal impairment (ESRD, dialysis), serious hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis, angioedema)

SGLT2 cadr

urinary tract infection, hypotension, hyperkalemia, dehydration, genitourinary fungal infections

SGLT2 radr

euglycemic ketoacidosis, acute renal failure, bone fracture, perineal necrotizing fasciitis, risk of lower limb amputation

SGLT2 counsel

take before breakfast daily, ensure adequate hydration on the drug and adequate genital hygiene

basal insulin contraindication

hypoglycemia, risk of acute bronchospasm with inhaled formulation

basal insulin cadr

hypoglycemia, injection site reactions, weight gain

basal insulin radr

lipoatrophy at injection site, severe hypoglycemia

basal insulin counsel

lowers fasting glucose numbers, will not quickly treat hyperglycemia, inject at the same time daily, rotate injection sites

bisphosphonates contraindiation

hypersensitivity, esophageal abnormalities that delay esophageal emptying, hypocalcemia, inability to sit or stand upright for 30 mins

bisphosphonates cadr

hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting

bisphosphonates radr

osteonecrosis of the jaw, GI ulcer, atypical femur fractures, severe muscle pain

bisphosphonates counsel

remain upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication, if being dosed weekly, take it on the same day each week, no food or drink for 60 min after taking, swallow whole with large glass of water

alendronate effervescent counsel

dissolve in room temp water (wait 5 mins, stir, drink)

SERMS indication

prevention of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women at high risk, prevention or treatment in postmenopausal women

bisphosphonates indication

osteoporosis prevention and treatment

SERMS contraindication

pregnancy, lactation, past medical history of VTE or stroke

SERMS bbw

VTE or stroke

SERMS cadr

hot flashes, arthralgia, leg cramps, peripheral edema

SERMS radr

hypertriglyceridemia, VTE, cerebrovascular accident (stroke), PE

SERMS counsel

increases risk of blood clots, especially during the first 4 months of treatment, be aware of the symptoms of DVT, take once daily with or without food

synthetic thyroid, desiccated thyroid indication

hypothyroidism

synthetic thyroid contraindication

uncorrected adrenal insufficiency, non toxic goiter, treatment of obesity, thyrotoxicosis, acute MI

synthetic thyroid, desiccated thyroid bbw

should not be used to enhance weight loss

synthetic thyroid, desiccated thyroid cadr

palpitations, tachycardia, dyspnea, decreased appetite, hair loss, nausea, vomiting

synthetic thyroid, desiccated thyroid radr

goiter, weight loss

synthetic thyroid counsel

take 30-60 minutes before breakfast with water, separate from cation containing supplements, if the color of the pill doesn’t look right, say something

desiccated thyroid contraindication

uncorrected adrenal insufficiency, non toxic diffuse goiter, treatment of obesity

desiccated thyroid counsel

product is derived from pork, certain populations may not take it, take on empty stomach

antithyroid agent indication

prevent thyroid dysfunction following radiation

antithyroid agent contraindication

hypothyroidism, thyroid adenoma/ goiter, hypersensitivity reaction

antithyroid cadr

arrhythmias, skin rash, stomach upset

antithyroid radr

neck edema, asthenia

antithyroid counsel

take with food, take with 4oz of water (or other liquid), chocolate milk helps mask taste