Chem TT 23

in group 1, does the reactivity increase or decrease as the group goes down?

increase

fluorine and iodine both ______ (gain/lose) an electron to form an ion.

gain

which apparatus does fractional distillation use?

fractionating column

what is an atom?

made up of protons, electrons and neutrons

which charged particles are in the nucleus of an atom? (include neutral ones)

neutrons and electrons

how do you find the number of protons in a given element?

the atomic number (bottom number)

how do you find the number of neutrons in a given element?

mass number - atomic number (top number - bottom number)

what is the definition of an ion?

a charged particle

what is a molecule?

a particle consisting of 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together

what colour does ammonia turn red litmus paper?

blue

what colour does chlorine turn blue litmus paper?

white

what is the charge of elements in group 1?

1+

what is the charge of elements in group 2?

2+

what is the charge of elements in group 3?

3+

what is the charge of elements in group 4?

neutral

what is the charge of elements in group 5?

3-

what is the charge of elements in group 6?

2-

what is the charge of elements in group 7?

1-

what is the charge of elements in group 0?

varies by element

what does the period number tell you?

how many shells have electrons

what does the group number tell you?

the number of electrons in the outer shell

how do you work out relative atomic mass?

(mass of isotope 1 x % abundance of isotope 1) + (same for isotope 2) all divided by 100

What is an isotope?

a different form of the same element that has a different number of neutrons

what is a particle?

consists of 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together

the _______ (closer/further) away the outer electron is from the nucleus, the less reactive it is

further