Domains of Life

Taxonomy

the study of classification of organisms based on shared traits and evolutionary relationships

Three Domains of Life

Archaea
Bacteria
Eukaryota

Archaea

Single celled

Prokaryotic

Live in extreme environments

Bacteria

Single celled

Prokaryotic
Specific ribosomal RNA

Eukaryota

Complex cellular organization
Eukaryotic
Have membrane bound organelles

Prokaryotic

No nucleus or other membrane bound organelles

Eukaryotic

Has a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles

The Kingdoms of Life

Bacteria
Archaea
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia

Categorization System

Did King Phillip Come Over For Good Soup?

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Species

a group of similar organisms capable of reproducing to create fertile offspring

Genus

group of closely related species

Evolution

the way in which organisms change genetically in response to the environment over long periods of time

Phylogenetic Tree

Diagram that shows evolutionary relationships

Node / Klade

branch points that represent common ancestors
→ The closer the two branches are, the more closely related the organisms are

Bacteria

K - Bacteria / Monera
Cell Type - Prokaryotic
Nutrition - Autotroph and Heterotroph
No. of Cells - Unicellular
Example: E.coli

Archaea

K - Archaea / Monera
Cell Type - Prokaryotic
Nutrition - Autotroph and Heterotroph
No. of Cells - Unicellular
Example: Halophiles

Protista

K - Protista
Cell Type - Eukaryotic
Nutrition - Autotroph and Heterotroph
No. of Cells - Mostly Unicellular
Example: Amoeba

Fungi

D - Eukaryota
Cell Type - Eukaryotic
Nutrition - Heterotroph
No. of Cells - Mostly Multicellular
Example: Mould

Plants

D - Eukaryota
Cell Type - Eukaryotic
Nutrition - Autotroph
No. of Cells - Multicellular
Example: Moss

Animals

D - Eukaryota
Cell Type - Eukaryotic
Nutrition - Heterotroph
No. of Cells - Multicellular
Example: Vertebrates / Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Animals which have a backbone

→ Dog, Horse

Invertebrates

Animals that don’t have a backbone

→ Eel, Snake