Science Unit 1 Newton's Laws of Motion

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Force

A push or pull

Net Force

The combined force of multiple forces at work on an object

Balanced Forces

When net forces cancel each other out

Unbalanced forces

When one net force is greater than the other

Inertia

An object’s tendency to resist a change in motion

Newton’s first law of motion (law of inertia)

An object at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside force. An object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

Newton’s second law of motion

Explains the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration (f=ma)

Newton’s third law of motion

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Speed

The distance an object travels per unit of time; rate of change in position

Velocity

Speed and direction of movement

Acceleration

Rate of change in velocity

Friction

The force that opposes the sliding motion of two touching surfaces.

Gravity

Any two masses that exert an attractive force on each other.

Mass

The amount of matter in an object and its inertia.

Weight

Gravitational force exerted on an object, measured in Newtons