ch 4: carbon and the molecular diversity of life
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13 Terms
organic chemistry
studies carbon-containing compounds
what determines how many covalent bonds an atom can form?
valence electrons
hydrocarbon
nonpolar → hydrophobic behavior; releases a large amt of energy
where are hydrocarbons mainly found?
in molecules like fat
isomers
compounds w/ the same molecular formula but diff structures and properties
structural isomer
differ in structure
enantiomers
mirrors each other (left hand vs right hand)
cis-trans isomers
cis isomer: the two x’s are on the same side
trans isomer: the two x’s are on opposite sides
functional groups
components of organic molecules that are most involved in chemical reactions
how many functional groups are there?
seven
ATP
adenosine + 3 phosphate groups
what can ATP be hydrolyzed to?
ADP + Pi (releases energy for cellular processes)
correctly order biological function, structure, and chemical property
structure → chemical property → biological function