Medication Endings & Dangers

-gliptin

DPP-4 inhibitors

• daibetes

• prolong incretin activity

-gliflozin

SGLT2 inhibitors

• diabetes/HF

• glucose leaves through urine

-glitazone

Thiazolidinediones

• diabetes

• improve insulin sensitivity

-glinide

Meglitinides

• diabetes

• mealtime insulin release

-glutide

many GLP-1 agonists

• diabetes

• slow stomach emptying

-statin

Statins

• lower LDL

• watch muscle symptoms

-fibrate

Many Fibrates

• lower triglycerides

-pril

ACE inhibitors

• BP

• cough

• high potassium

-sartan

ARBs (Angiotensin ll Receptor Blocker)

• BP/HR

• high potassium

-olol

Many beta blockers

• slow heart rate

-dipine

Dihydropyridine Calcium-Channel Blockers

• vasodilation

• edema

-thiazide

Many Thiazide Diuertics

• fluid/BP

• low potassium

-grel

Some P2Y12 Antiplatelets

• prevent platelet aggregation

• bleeding

Diltiazem and Verapamil

Calcium-Channel Blockers

• slow cardiac conduction

PramiPEXole

parkinson dopamine agonist

PramLINTide

diabetes amylin mimetic (mimics mealtime insulin)

THYRO

thyroid replacement

Levetiracetam/Keppra

seizures

DOPA

Parkinson/dopamine

Carbamazepine Treats

seizures/nerve pain

Lacosamide Treats

seizures

Ranolazine Treats

angina (chest pain)

Insulin (danger)

hypoglycemia

Sulfonylureas (danger)

• hypoglycemia

• weight gain

Meglitinides (danger)

hypoglycemia

Biguanide (danger)

• GI upset

• lactic acidosis

TZDs -glitazone (danger)

• fluid retention

• worsening heart failure

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors (danger)

• gas

• diarrhea

• use glucose TABLETS

DPP-4 Inhibitors: -gliptin (danger)

pancreatitis

SGLT2 Inhibitors: -gliflozin (danger)

• genital yeast infections

• ketoacidosis (even when BG is not very high)

GLP-1 Agonist (danger)

N/V

Amylin Mimetic (danger)

severe hypoglycemia when used with insulin

Dopamine Agonist for Diabetes (danger)

orthostatic hypotension

ACE Inhibitors: -pril (danger)

• high potassium

• angioedema (swelling beneath the skin) - throat or tongue swelling

ARBs: -sartan, - valsartan (danger)

• high potassium

• kideny problems

• low BP

Beta Blockers: -olol, - metoprolol (danger)

• slow heart rate

• low BP

• heart block

Dihydropyridine CCBs: -dipine, - amlodipine (danger)

• low BP

• ankle swelling

Nitrates - Nitroglycerin (danger)

severe hypotension

ARNI - sacubitril/valsartan (danger)

• angioedema

• high potassium

• low BP

• requires 36 hours between it and ACE inhibitor

Thiazide Diuretics - hydrochlorothiazide (danger)

• low potassium

• low sodium

• dehydration

Loop Diuretics - furosemide (danger)

• low potassium

• dehydration

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics - spironolactone (danger)

• high potassium

• breast enlargement

Osmotic Diuretics - mannitol (danger)

pulmonary edema

Antiplatelets - clopidogrel (danger)

bleeding

GP lab/llla Inhibitors - abciximab, eptifibatide (danger)

• bleeding

• low platelets

PAR-1 Agonist - vorapaxar (danger)

serious bleeding (including brain bleeding)

Heparin (danger)

bleeding

Warfarin (danger)

bleeding

Thrombolytics - alteplase (danger)

major bleeding (especially intercranial bleeding)

Statins - atorvastatin (danger)

muscle injury

Fibrates - fenofibrate, gemfibrozil (danger)

• gallstones

• liver injury

• muscel injury

Bile Acid Sequestreants - cholestyramine, colesevelam (danger)

• constipation

• increased triglycerides

Niacin (danger)

• liver injury

• flushing

• increased BG

Ezetimibe (danger)

• possible liver enzyme elevation

Bempedoic Acid (danger)

• gout

• tendon rupture

PCSK9-Targeting Drugs - alirocumab, inclisiran (danger

• injection site reactions

• allergic reactions can occur

Prescription Omega-3 Products

atrial fibrilation

benzodiazepines - lorazepam, ativan (danger)

• sedation

• respiratory depression

Antiseizure Medications Overall (danger)

• dizziness/sedation

• mood and suicidal thoughts

• abrupt stopping can trigger seizures

Dopamine-Enhancing Parkinson Medications - carbidopa/levodopa, pramipexole (danger)

• orthostatic hypotension

• hallucinations

• involuntary movements

MAO-B Inhibitors - selegiline

serotonin syndrome

Anticholinergics - trihexyphenidyl (danger)

• confusion

• urinary retention

Cholinesterase Inhibitors (danger)

slow heart rate/fainting

NMDA Antagonist for Dementia - memantine (danger)

• dizziness

• confusion

• constipation

Gabapentinoids - pregabalin (danger)

• sedation

• edema

• respiratory depression

TCAs - amitriptyline (danger)

dangerous heart rhythms in overdose

SNRIs - duloxetine (danger)

serotonin syndrome

Phenytoin (danger)

• gum overgrowth

• hypotension

Carbamazepine (danger)

low blood cells counts

Valproate/Divalproex (danger)

• liver injury

• pancreatitis

• fetal harm

Levetiracetam/Keppra (danger)

mood/behavior changes

Lamotrigine (danger)

serious skin rash: Steven-Johnson Syndrome/TEN

Lacosamide (danger)

heart block

Oxcarbazepine (danger)

low sodium

Phenobarbital (danger)

• respiratory depression

• sedation

• dependence

Thyrpid Replacement - levothyroxine, liothyronine (danger)

hyperthyroid symptoms (racing heart, angina, tremor)

Antithyroid Drugs - methimazole, PTU (danger)

fever or sore throat (PTU = liver injury warning)

Radioactive Iodine (danger)

hypothyroidism (not during pregnancy and breastfeeding)

Corticosteroids - prednisone (danger)

• high glucose

• infection risk

• adrenal suppression

Mineralcorticoid - fludrocortisone (danger)

• fluid retention

• high BP

• low potassium

ADHD Stimulants - amphetamine, methylphenidate (danger)

• increases HR/BP

• insomnia

• weight loss

Atomoxetine/Viloxazine (danger)

suicidal thoughts warning

Guanfacine (danger)

• low BP

• slow HR

• sedation

Natalizumab for MS (danger)

PML (brain infection)

Glatiramer for MS (danger)

anaphylaxis

Cladribine for MS (danger)

• infections

• malignancy warning

• fetal harm

Mitoxantrone for MS (danger)

heart damage

Eye Anti-VEGF Injections - ranibizumab, aflibercept (danger)

• eye infection

• retinal detachment