preparing and purifying an ester

What do u mix first in a flask

Propan-1-ol and ethanoic acid in flask

What do u add dro by drop to the flask of ethanoic acid and propan-1-ol

Conc sulfuric acid drop by drop whilst keeping contents shaken and cooled

What do u do after conc sulfuric acid is added

Fit reflex nodes or and gently boil for 30 min

Cool mixture

What do u do once the mixture is cooled

What do u shake the distillate with in the separating funnel

Distillation - crude ester still off

Put the distillate in separating funnel and shaken with sodium carbonate

What do u have to make sure to Dow hen shaking the distillate with sodium carbonate

Invert funnel and open tap occasionally to release co2 and pressure build up

What do u then shake the crude ester with

Calcium chloride

9removes unreacted alcohol)

What do us o after calcium chloride is added

Discard lower layer

Ester run into flask with anhydrous calcium chloride

Filter with anti bumping granules

Distilllate

Why is sulfuric acid used

To prevent uncontrolled boiling over

What does sodium carbonate to

Sodium carbonate reacts with uncreacted acids and remaining catalyst still present afte distillation

What is an example of drying agent used in this

Calcium chloride

(That’s why it becomes anhydrous)