Mader Biology 14th Edition — Chapter 9 — Multiple Choice and True/False Review

Chapter 9 source question 1. FRONT: What occurs in anaphase? A) Centrioles move to opposite poles. B) Chromosomes line up along the equator of the dividing cell. C) Chromatids are separated and move to opposite poles. D) The nuclear envelope disappears. E) The nuclear envelope is constructed.

C) Chromatids are separated and move to opposite poles.

Chapter 9 source question 2. FRONT: Cytokinesis in plant cells differs from animal cells because A) the inner plasma membrane divides by cytokinesis as in animal cells and then secretes a cellulose cell wall. B) the lysosomes within the plant cell forms a cell plate. C) microtubulesare used to form the cell plate. D) the Golgi apparatus produces vesicles that migrate along microtubules and fuse to become a cell plate.

D) the Golgi apparatus produces vesicles that migrate along microtubules and fuse to become a cell plate.

Chapter 9 source question 4. FRONT: The haploid (n) number of chromosomes for a human being is A) 44. B) 46. C) 23. D) 24. E) 48.

C) 23.

Chapter 9 source question 5. FRONT: Cytokinesis in plant cells differs from animal cells because A) the inner plasma membrane divides by cytokinesis as in animal cells and then secretes a cellulose cell wall. B) the Golgi apparatus produces vesicles that migrate along microtubules and fuse to become a cell plate. C) the lysosomes within the plant cell forms a cell plate. D) microtubulesare used to form the cell plate.

B) the Golgi apparatus produces vesicles that migrate along microtubules and fuse to become a cell plate.

Chapter 9 source question 6. FRONT: Contact inhibition stops normal cells from dividing when they come in contact with neighboring cells, but this is not functional in cancer cells. True or False?

TRUE.

Chapter 9 source question 8. FRONT: The region that contains the genetic information in a bacterial cell is called the A) nucleoprotein. B) nucleosome. C) nucleoid. D) nucleolus. E) nucleus.

C) nucleoid.

Chapter 9 source question 9. FRONT: What phase of mitosis is pictured? A) prometaphase B) anaphase C) metaphase D) prophase E) telophase

C) metaphase.

Chapter 9 source question 11. FRONT: Which statement is NOT true about eukaryotic chromosomes? A) Chromosomes are not located within the nuclear envelope during mitosis. B) Chromosomes contain both DNA and associated histones. C) Chromosomes condense from chromatin at the start of mitosis. D) There is only one chromosome of each type in each body cell. E) Chromosomes disperse back into chromatin at the end of mitosis.

D) There is only one chromosome of each type in each body cell.

Chapter 9 source question 12. FRONT: The diploid (2n) number of chromosomes for a human being is A) 23. B) 46. C) 24. D) 44. E) 48.

B) 46.

Chapter 9 source question 15. FRONT: What might prevent a cell from passing the G 1 checkpoint? A) The DNA has not completed replication. B) Only B and C are correct. C) The cell may have damaged DNA and need to undergo apoptosis. D) Only A and B are correct. E) The cell may need to enter the G 0 stage.

B) Only B and C are correct.

Chapter 9 source question 16. FRONT: The event that signals the start of anaphase is A) a cleavage furrow starts to form. B) division of the centromeres to separate sister chromatids. C) asters disappear. D) migration of the centrioles to opposite poles of the nuclear space.

B) division of the centromeres to separate sister chromatids.

Chapter 9 source question 18. FRONT: The enzymes that bring about apoptosis are ordinarily held in check by inhibitors. True or False?

TRUE.

Chapter 9 source question 19. FRONT: Which of the following are necessary for a cell to pass the G 1 checkpoint? A) All of these. B) Sufficient nutrients must be available. C) Growth signals must be present. D) The DNA must be undamaged. E) None of these.

A) All of these.

Chapter 9 source question 20. FRONT: If a parent cell has 48 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis and cytokinesis occurs? A) 96 chromosomes B) 24 chromosomes C) 12 chromosomes D) 48 chromosomes

D) 48 chromosomes.

Chapter 9 source question 23. FRONT: The enzymes that bring about apoptosis are called caspases. True or False?

TRUE.

Chapter 9 source question 24. FRONT: The region that contains the genetic information in a bacterial cell is called the A) nucleus. B) nucleoid. C) nucleoprotein. D) nucleosome. E) nucleolus.

B) nucleoid.

Chapter 9 source question 25. FRONT: The event that signals the start of anaphase is A) division of the centromeres to separate sister chromatids. B) asters disappear. C) migration of the centrioles to opposite poles of the nuclear space. D) a cleavage furrow starts to form.

A) division of the centromeres to separate sister chromatids.

Chapter 9 source question 27. FRONT: The enzymes that bring about apoptosis can be unleashed by internal or external signals. True or False?

TRUE.

Chapter 9 source question 28. FRONT: In some organisms, mitosis occurs without cytokinesis. This results in A) a multinucleated cell. B) cells with no nucleus. C) cell death. D) uncontrolled cell division. E) cells arrested in the G0 phase.

A) a multinucleated cell.

Chapter 9 source question 29. FRONT: All of the following are characteristics of oncogenes EXCEPT A) they are tumor suppressor genes. B) they cause cancer. C) they are mutated proto-oncogenes. D) they are genes that stimulate uncontrolled cell division.

A) they are tumor suppressor genes.

Chapter 9 source question 31. FRONT: Which represents the correct sequence of stages in the cell cycle? A) G 1, M, G 2, S B) G 1, S, G 2, M C) G 1, G 2, S, M D) G 1, G 2, M, S

B) G 1, S, G 2, M.

Chapter 9 source question 32. FRONT: Male honeybees are haploid (n) while the females are diploid (2n). Based on this information, which of the following are true statements? A) Only A and B are true. B) A single set of chromosomes is sufficient to code for a functional individual. C) As compared to the females, male honeybees have twice the number of chromosomes. D) As compared to a female, a male honeybee has half the amount of DNA.

A) Only A and B are true.

Chapter 9 source question 35. FRONT: Which of the following descriptions of malignant and benign tumors are true? Select all that apply. A) Both benign and malignant tumors are forms of abnormal cell growth. B) Benign tumors can metastasize while malignant tumors tend to stay in one location. C) Malignant tumors have more genetic mutations than benign tumors. D) Benign tumors tend to grow very large while malignant tumors stay small.

A) Both benign and malignant tumors are forms of abnormal cell growth.; C) Malignant tumors have more genetic mutations than benign tumors.

Chapter 9 source question 36. FRONT: Generally, brain and nerve cells are not able to regenerate after injury because they have left the cell cycle and are unable to return. True or False?

TRUE.

Chapter 9 source question 37. FRONT: Eukaryotic chromosomes A) All of the choices are correct. B) contain histones responsible for packaging DNA to fit into a small space. C) may occur as chromatin. D) consist of both DNA and protein. E) Only A and B are correct.

A) All of the choices are correct.

Chapter 9 source question 39. FRONT: Which of the following are necessary for a cell to pass the G 1 checkpoint? A) None of these. B) The DNA must be undamaged. C) All of these. D) Sufficient nutrients must be available. E) Growth signals must be present.

C) All of these.

Chapter 9 source question 41. FRONT: Which sequence of the mitotic stages is correct? A) telophase, anaphase, prophase, prometaphase, metaphase B) anaphase, prometaphase, metaphase, prophase, telophase C) prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase D) prophase, telophase, anaphase, prometaphase, metaphase E) prophase, anaphase, prometaphase, metaphase, telophase

C) prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

Chapter 9 source question 43. FRONT: Which statement below lists the correct steps for binary fission? A) 1. enlargement ofcell volume, 2. attachment of chromosome to the plasma membrane, 3. DNAreplication occurs, 4. cell elongates and chromosomes are pulled apart, 5. anew cell wall and plasma membrane divide the cell in half B) 1. attachment ofchromosome to the plasma membrane, 2. enlargement of cell volume, 3. DNAreplication occurs, 4. cell elongates and chromosomes are pulled apart, 5. anew cell wall and plasma membrane divide the cell in half C) 1. a new cell wall and plasma membrane divide the cell in half, 2.attachment of chromosome to the plasma membrane, 3. enlargement of cell volume,4. DNA replication occurs, 5. cell elongates and chromosomes are pulledapart D) 1. attachment ofchromosome to the plasma membrane, 2. enlargement of cell volume, 3. DNAreplication occurs, 4. a new cell wall and plasma membrane di

B) 1. attachment ofchromosome to the plasma membrane, 2. enlargement of cell volume, 3. DNAreplication occurs, 4. cell elongates and chromosomes are pulled apart, 5. anew cell wall and plasma membrane divide the cell in half.

Chapter 9 source question 44. FRONT: What phase of mitosis is pictured? A) prometaphase B) metaphase C) prophase D) anaphase E) telophase

D) anaphase.

Chapter 9 source question 47. FRONT: Cloning can only be carried out using adult stem cells. True or False?

FALSE.

Chapter 9 source question 48. FRONT: Binary fission in bacteria differs from mitosis because A) None of thechoices are correct. B) there is no nuclear membrane to break down and rebuild. C) the chromosome is a simple DNA strand without complex proteins and there is no spindle formation. D) the chromosome copies attach to the plasma membrane and are pulled apart by cell growth. E) All of the choices are correct.

E) All of the choices are correct.

Chapter 9 source question 49. FRONT: If a parent cell has 48 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis and cytokinesis occurs? A) 24 chromosomes B) 96 chromosomes C) 48 chromosomes D) 12 chromosomes

C) 48 chromosomes.

Chapter 9 source question 52. FRONT: In the bone marrow, stem cells produce erythrocytes which lose their nucleus and function for a few months in the bloodstream before they die. Erythrocytes never divide. Based on this information, erythrocytes A) leave the cell cycle in a G 3 phase, which immediately follows G 2. B) continually cycle but simply fail to go through cytokinesis. C) reverse from G 2 to G 1. D) leave the cell cycle in a G 0 phase, after exiting G 1. E) halt in the midst of the S phase.

D) leave the cell cycle in a G 0 phase, after exiting G 1.

Chapter 9 source question 53. FRONT: Viruses and chemical exposure can cause mutations in proto-oncogenes which can lead to cancer. True or False?

TRUE.

Chapter 9 source question 54. FRONT: Which sequence of the mitotic stages is correct? A) anaphase, prometaphase, metaphase, prophase, telophase B) telophase, anaphase, prophase, prometaphase, metaphase C) prophase, anaphase, prometaphase, metaphase, telophase D) prophase, telophase, anaphase, prometaphase, metaphase E) prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

E) prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

Chapter 9 source question 56. FRONT: Which of the following is/are true statements about mitosis? Select all that apply. A) Mitosis is the process by which both plants and animals grow in size. B) Animal cells, but not plant cells, have centrioles. C) Animal cells form a cell plate during cytokinesis while plant cells form a cleavage furrow and then pinch into two daughter cells. D) Both plant and animal cells undergo cytokinesis.

A) Mitosis is the process by which both plants and animals grow in size.; B) Animal cells, but not plant cells, have centrioles.; D) Both plant and animal cells undergo cytokinesis.

Chapter 9 source question 58. FRONT: How does euchromatin differ from heterochromatin? Select all that apply. A) Euchromatin is more representative of the chromosomes during mitosis. B) Heterochromatin is more compacted than euchromatin. C) Most chromosomes contain both regions of euchromatin and heterochromatin. D) Euchromatin represents the active chromatin containing genes that are being transcribed.

B) Heterochromatin is more compacted than euchromatin.; C) Most chromosomes contain both regions of euchromatin and heterochromatin.; D) Euchromatin represents the active chromatin containing genes that are being transcribed.

Chapter 9 source question 60. FRONT: Which of the following events does NOT occur during telophase? A) The nucleolus reforms. B) The nuclear envelope is reconstructed. C) The beginning of cytokinesis D) The centromeres split apart. E) Chromosomes de-condense into chromatin.

D) The centromeres split apart.

Chapter 9 source question 61. FRONT: Cancer cells require many nutrients which are supplied by blood vessels. The growth of new blood vessels into cancerous tissue is called A) angiogenesis. B) carcinogenesis. C) metastasis. D) apoptosis.

A) angiogenesis.

Chapter 9 source question 63. FRONT: Which of the following codes for theproteins that will promote the normal cell cycle and prevent apoptosis? A) oncogenes B) tumor suppressor genes C) caspases D) proto-oncogenes

D) proto-oncogenes.

Chapter 9 source question 64. FRONT: Which of the following accurately describe mitosis? Select all that apply. A) Mitosis uses a diploid (2n) parent cell to form daughter cells containing a haploid number(n) of chromosomes. B) Mitosis is involved in development of a fertilized egg into a multicellular organism. C) Mitosis is a process that divides the nuclear contents only. D) Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. E) Mitosis produces two daughter cells that are exactly the same size and have the same number of organelles as the parent cell.

B) Mitosis is involved in development of a fertilized egg into a multicellular organism.; C) Mitosis is a process that divides the nuclear contents only.; D) Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Chapter 9 source question 66. FRONT: Which of the following events does NOT occur during telophase? A) The beginning of cytokinesis B) The nuclear envelope is reconstructed. C) The nucleolus reforms. D) Chromosomes de-condense into chromatin. E) The centromeres split apart.

E) The centromeres split apart.

Chapter 9 source question 67. FRONT: Which stage of the cell cycle focuses on cell growth, replication of organelles, and the accumulation of material for synthesizing DNA? A) G 1 phase B) S phase C) G 0 phase D) G 2 phase E) M phase

A) G 1 phase.

Chapter 9 source question 69. FRONT: Organisms produced as a result of mitosis exhibit a great deal of genetic variation. True or False?

FALSE.

Chapter 9 source question 70. FRONT: Which stage of the cell cycle focuses on cell growth, replication of organelles, and the accumulation of material for synthesizing DNA? A) G 0 phase B) S phase C) G 2 phase D) M phase E) G 1 phase

E) G 1 phase.

Chapter 9 source question 71. FRONT: Which statement below best describes the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis? A) Mitosis is the portion of the cell cycle that uses a contractile ring to divide the nuclear material while cytokinesis uses the contractile ring to divide the cell membrane. B) Mitosis is the portion of the cell cycle that uses a cell plate to divide the cell membrane in plant cells while cytokinesis uses a contractile ring to divide the cell membrane in animal cells. C) Mitosis is the portion of the cell cycle that divides the nuclear material while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm. D) Mitosis is the portion of the cell cycle that divides the cytoplasm while cytokinesis divides the nuclear material.

C) Mitosis is the portion of the cell cycle that divides the nuclear material while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm.

Chapter 9 source question 73. FRONT: The diploid (2n) number of chromosomes for a human being is A) 48. B) 23. C) 46. D) 44. E) 24.

C) 46.

Chapter 9 source question 74. FRONT: Which of the following are the critical checkpoints during interphase? A) G 1 to S stage and G 2 to M stage B) M to G 1 stage and G 2 to M stage C) S to G 2 stage and G 2 to M stage D) M to G 1 stage and S to G 2 stage

A) G 1 to S stage and G 2 to M stage.

Chapter 9 source question 75. FRONT: The enzymes that bring about apoptosis are only present in the cell immediately before apoptosis begins. True or False?

FALSE.

Chapter 9 source question 77. FRONT: Which of the following descriptions of malignant and benign tumors are true? Select all that apply. A) Both benign and malignant tumors are forms of abnormal cell growth. B) Benign tumors tend to grow very large while malignant tumors stay small. C) Benign tumors can metastasize while malignant tumors tend to stay in one location. D) Malignant tumors have more genetic mutations than benign tumors.

A) Both benign and malignant tumors are forms of abnormal cell growth.; D) Malignant tumors have more genetic mutations than benign tumors.

Chapter 9 source question 78. FRONT: What might prevent a cell from passing the G 1 checkpoint? A) Only A and B are correct. B) Only B and C are correct. C) The cell may need to enter the G 0 stage. D) The cell may have damaged DNA and need to undergo apoptosis. E) The DNA has not completed replication.

B) Only B and C are correct.

Chapter 9 source question 81. FRONT: Viruses and chemical exposure can cause mutations in proto-oncogenes which can lead to cancer. True or False?

TRUE.

Chapter 9 source question 82. FRONT: Which of the following accurately describe mitosis? Select all that apply. A) Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. B) Mitosis is involved in development of a fertilized egg into a multicellular organism. C) Mitosis uses a diploid (2n) parent cell to form daughter cells containing a haploid number(n) of chromosomes. D) Mitosis is a process that divides the nuclear contents only. E) Mitosis produces two daughter cells that are exactly the same size and have the same number of organelles as the parent cell.

A) Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.; B) Mitosis is involved in development of a fertilized egg into a multicellular organism.; D) Mitosis is a process that divides the nuclear contents only.

Chapter 9 source question 83. FRONT: The function of mitosis is A) to ensure that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information. B) asexual reproduction in some species. C) growth of the organism and tissue repair. D) All of the choices are correct.

D) All of the choices are correct.

Chapter 9 source question 84. FRONT: Cloning can only be carried out using adult stem cells. True or False?

FALSE.

Chapter 9 source question 86. FRONT: Binary fission in bacteria differs from mitosis because A) the chromosome copies attach to the plasma membrane and are pulled apart by cell growth. B) the chromosome is a simple DNA strand without complex proteins and there is no spindle formation. C) All of the choices are correct. D) None of thechoices are correct. E) there is no nuclear membrane to break down and rebuild.

C) All of the choices are correct.

Chapter 9 source question 87. FRONT: The haploid (n) number of chromosomes for a human being is A) 46. B) 23. C) 48. D) 24. E) 44.

B) 23.

Chapter 9 source question 89. FRONT: All of the following are characteristics of oncogenes EXCEPT A) they are mutated proto-oncogenes. B) they cause cancer. C) they are genes that stimulate uncontrolled cell division. D) they are tumor suppressor genes.

D) they are tumor suppressor genes.

Chapter 9 source question 91. FRONT: A human cell contains at least 2 m of DNA, yet all of this DNA is packed into a nucleus that is about 6 μm in diameter. How is this accomplished? Select all that apply. A) The DNA is coiled into radial loops. B) The DNA is cut at several locations and each section is loosely wrapped into a bead- like shape. C) DNA is wrapped around histone proteins giving it the appearance of a string of beads. D) DNA is folded into a zigzag structure.

A) The DNA is coiled into radial loops.; C) DNA is wrapped around histone proteins giving it the appearance of a string of beads.; D) DNA is folded into a zigzag structure.

Chapter 9 source question 93. FRONT: Contact inhibition stops normal cells from dividing when they come in contact with neighboring cells, but this is not functional in cancer cells. True or False?

TRUE.

Chapter 9 source question 94. FRONT: Organisms produced as a result of mitosis exhibit a great deal of genetic variation. True or False?

FALSE.

Chapter 9 source question 96. FRONT: Which stage is most associated with a cell that is unable to divide again, such as a muscle or nerve cell? A) G 1 phase B) M phase C) G 0 phase D) G 2 phase E) S phase

C) G 0 phase.

Chapter 9 source question 97. FRONT: Generally, brain and nerve cells are not able to regenerate after injury because they have left the cell cycle and are unable to return. True or False?

TRUE.

Chapter 9 source question 98. FRONT: Which stage is most associated with a cell that is unable to divide again, such as a muscle or nerve cell? A) S phase B) M phase C) G 1 phase D) G 2 phase E) G 0 phase

E) G 0 phase.

Chapter 9 source question 101. FRONT: Although cancer may originate in many regions of the body, why do many patients die from cancerous growth in the lungs, lymph glands, or liver? A) Cancerous growth in all other areas of the body is benign. B) Metastasis occurs more commonly in these organs because they have a filter effect. C) These organs are more significantly damaged by proteinase enzymes. D) Cancer in these areas of the body spread easily by angiogenesis.

B) Metastasis occurs more commonly in these organs because they have a filter effect.

Chapter 9 source question 102. FRONT: The purpose of therapeutic cloning is A) to produce specialized tissue cells. B) to produce an individual to the donor of the nucleus. C) None of the answer choices are correct. D) to stimulate cells that have been arrested in the S phase.

A) to produce specialized tissue cells.

Chapter 9 source question 104. FRONT: What occurs in anaphase? A) The nuclear envelope disappears. B) Centrioles move to opposite poles. C) Chromatids are separated and move to opposite poles. D) Chromosomes line up along the equator of the dividing cell. E) The nuclear envelope is constructed.

C) Chromatids are separated and move to opposite poles.

Chapter 9 source question 105. FRONT: How does euchromatin differ from heterochromatin? Select all that apply. A) Euchromatin is more representative of the chromosomes during mitosis. B) Most chromosomes contain both regions of euchromatin and heterochromatin. C) Heterochromatin is more compacted than euchromatin. D) Euchromatin represents the active chromatin containing genes that are being transcribed.

B) Most chromosomes contain both regions of euchromatin and heterochromatin.; C) Heterochromatin is more compacted than euchromatin.; D) Euchromatin represents the active chromatin containing genes that are being transcribed.

Chapter 9 source question 108. FRONT: Which of the following is/are true statements about mitosis? Select all that apply. A) Both plant and animal cells undergo cytokinesis. B) Mitosis is the process by which both plants and animals grow in size. C) Animal cells form a cell plate during cytokinesis while plant cells form a cleavage furrow and then pinch into two daughter cells. D) Animal cells, but not plant cells, have centrioles.

A) Both plant and animal cells undergo cytokinesis.; B) Mitosis is the process by which both plants and animals grow in size.; D) Animal cells, but not plant cells, have centrioles.

Chapter 9 source question 110. FRONT: A human cell contains at least 2 m of DNA, yet all of this DNA is packed into a nucleus that is about 6 μm in diameter. How is this accomplished? Select all that apply. A) The DNA is coiled into radial loops. B) DNA is folded into a zigzag structure. C) The DNA is cut at several locations and each section is loosely wrapped into a bead- like shape. D) DNA is wrapped around histone proteins giving it the appearance of a string of beads.

A) The DNA is coiled into radial loops.; B) DNA is folded into a zigzag structure.; D) DNA is wrapped around histone proteins giving it the appearance of a string of beads.