GCSE Eduqas Route B: Applied Catholic Theology - Sin, Forgiveness, and the Catholic Church

Flashcards testing core concepts, biblical citations, theological arguments, architecture, sacraments, and census statistics for GCSE Religious Studies Eduqas Route B Applied Catholic Theology.

The belief that there are certain actions that are always right or always wrong, and that moral laws exist eternally, is known as __________.

Absolutism

The belief that rules governing what is right and wrong are human inventions and change from place to place and age to age is called __________.

Relativism

While a crime is an act punishable by state law, a sin is defined as acting against the __________.

will or laws of God

The aim of punishment intended to discourage the offender or others from committing a crime out of fear of the penalty is __________.

Deterrence

As evidence that prison is a poor deterrent in the UK, approximately __________ of adults released from prison reoffend and are convicted within one year.

$$47\%$$

The aim of punishment that focuses on making the criminal pay for what they have done and aligns with the Old Testament concept of 'an eye for an eye' is __________.

Retribution

Rehabilitation is supported by Christians as the best long-term approach because it respects the belief that all offenders are created __________.

imago Dei

In Matthew 18:21–22, when Peter asks if he should forgive his brother up to seven times, Jesus replies that he should forgive not seven times, but __________ times.

seventy-seven

According to Matthew 6:14–15, if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not __________.

forgive your sins

In Letter 153 to Macedonius, St Augustine argues that we should 'pity the person, but hate the __________.'

offence or transgression

In Letter 134 to Apringius, St Augustine states that if nothing milder could be done, he would prefer to have offenders __________ than to have sufferings avenged by shedding blood.

set free

Capital punishment was officially abolished in the UK in the year __________.

$$1969$$

In Evangelium Vitae 56, Pope John Paul II teaches that modern execution should only be used in cases of absolute necessity, which today are practically __________.

non-existent

The Latin root word for redemption is 'redemptio', which literally means to __________.

buy back or rescue

On the Day of Atonement in the Old Testament, the sins of the people were symbolically placed onto a goat sent into the desert, which is referred to as the __________.

scapegoat

The events of Jesus' life, suffering, death, resurrection, and ascension that brought salvation are collectively known as the __________.

Paschal Mystery

The Ascension of Jesus into heaven occurred __________ days after His resurrection.

$$40$$

The theologian John Hick advocated for the doctrine of __________, which holds that a God of love will ultimately reconcile all of creation to Himself.

universal salvation

The Catholic Church teaches that Hell is not necessarily a burning fire, but an eternal absence of God caused by a person's free choice to __________.

reject God

Formulated at the Council of Nicea in 325 AD, the four marks of the Church are one, holy, catholic, and __________.

apostolic

Because Mary is the mother of Jesus, who is God, the Catholic Church honours her with the Greek title __________.

theotokos

The Catholic doctrine stating that Mary was preserved free from the stain of original sin from the moment of her conception is the __________.

Immaculate Conception

In 1 Corinthians 12, St Paul describes the Church as the __________, where Christ is the head and all members are interconnected parts.

Body of Christ

The theologian Karl Rahner used the term '__________' to describe non-Christians who live lives guided by Christian virtues and values.

anonymous Christians

The stone table shown here, which represents both the altar of sacrifice and the table of the Last Supper, is the __________.

altar

The church vessel pictured here, filled with holy water and used to wash away original sin during initiation, is the __________.

baptismal font

The reading stand pictured here, from which the Liturgy of the Word is proclaimed, is called the __________.

lectern

The secure ornamental box shown here, in which the consecrated Blessed Sacrament is reserved for adoration and the sick, is the __________.

tabernacle

Unlike a plain cross, the object shown here features the sculpted body of Jesus and is known as a __________.

crucifix

A church layout built in the shape of a cross, as illustrated in this architectural diagram, is known as a __________ design.

cruciform

Catholic churches are traditionally built facing towards the __________, reflecting both the Holy Land and the rising sun as a reminder of the resurrection.

east

A sacrament is traditionally defined as 'an outward sign of an __________ grace, ordained by Jesus Christ'.

inward

The three sacraments of initiation through which an individual becomes a full member of the Catholic Church are Baptism, Confirmation, and __________.

Eucharist

The two Catholic sacraments of healing are Anointing of the Sick and __________.

Reconciliation

The Catholic belief that the bread and wine substantially become the true Body and Blood of Christ during the Eucharistic prayer is called __________.

transubstantiation

The Second Vatican Council and the Catholic Church describe the Eucharist as the '__________' of the Christian life.

source and summit

The Latin word 'mission' literally translates to '__________'.

to send

In 2013, Pope Francis published the apostolic exhortation on evangelisation titled __________ ('The Joy of the Gospel').

Evangelii Gaudium

Pope Francis advocated for a 'preferential option for the poor', stating he prefers a Church that is 'bruised, hurting and dirty because it has been out on the __________'.

streets

In the 2021 UK Census, the proportion of people identifying as Christian fell below half for the first time, dropping to __________.

$$46.2\%$$

The 26 Church of England bishops who sit and vote in the House of Lords are known as the __________.

Lords Spiritual