Key words

Operationalising

Marking an abstract concept measurable. identifying relevant indicators so it clear how something is going to be studied.

Old boys network

A concept used by the New Right to refer to a distinct group within the working class with distinctive norms and values (single parenthood and reliance on social Welfare).

Personal identity

The combination of characteristics which makes a person unique. The way we see ourselves in relation to other people - what makes us like some people and different from others.

The new working class

A smaller working class with different cultural values. Work is less central to their identity, they have more material goods, leisure is a more central interest, and gender roles are less segregated.

Cultural capital

Non-financial assets that a person has, such as education, knowledge, language code or style of dress that can promote and support social mobility.

Social construction

Social phenomena are shaped and created by society and are not organic or universal. Based on ‘nurture’.

Social mobility

Where individuals move their way up (or down) the socioeconomic hierarchy, changing their status (and social class positions).

Underclass

Unemployed individuals on benefits placed underneath the working class.

Social identity

Part of an individuals identity is derived from their perceived membership of a social group, such as their class, age, disability, gender or ethnicity.

Social capital

Valuable social contacts are made through education (often in private schools) with power and influence. These contacts can prove to be extremely helpful later in life.