How Conditions Affect Chemical Reactions

What is equilibrium?

a reaction state where reactant and product concentrations remain constant

What is a catalyst? Does this get consumed?

A substance that speeds up a reaction by lowering the activation energy; no

What is an endothermic reaction?

A reaction that absorbs heat

What is an exothermic reaction?

A reaction that releases heat

What is activation energy?

The minimum energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction

What is Le Chatelier's principle?

The principle that states that a reaction at equilibrium, when disturbed, shifts in the direction that restores equilibrium

What is dynamic equilibrium? So, the concentrations ______ _______.

A state where the forward and reverse reactions are still occurring, but at equal rates; Stay constant

What is a forward reaction?

The reaction proceeding from reactants to products (left to right)

What is a reverse reaction?

The reaction proceeding from products back to reactants (right to left)

What does it mean for equilibrium to "shift right"?

The forward reaction is favored, so more products are formed

What does it mean for equilibrium to "shift left"?

The reverse reaction is favored, so more reactants are formed

What is a perturbation (to equilibrium)? Give 3 types.

A change in conditions that disrupts equilibrium (causing it to shift). Concentration, temperature, or pressure.

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

states that the toal mass in a closed system stays the same over time