Geography #1 year 8 vocabulary

Perspective

Viewing something from a different point of view or mindset

Sustainability

Meeting the needs of today without harming future generations

Environment

The natural world and surroundings in which humans and other organisms live

Resources

Materials or substances such as water, minerals, and energy used for human needs

Sustainable

Able to be maintained over time without depleting natural resources

Population growth

The increase in the number of people in a specific area over time

Food security

Having reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food

Biopiracy

Using or copying biological resources from another country without permission

Climate change

A long-term change in global temperatures and weather patterns

Longevity

The length of time an individual lives, especially a long life

Life expectancy

The average number of years a person is expected to live

Dependency ratio

The ratio of people not working (young & old) to those in work

Centenarian

A person who is 100 years old or older

Urbanization

The growth of towns and cities as people move from rural to urban areas

Emissions

The release of gas or pollutants into the air

Industrial revolution

A period of rapid industrial growth that increased pollution

Pollution

The contamination of the environment by harmful substances

Congestion charge

A fee charged to drivers to reduce traffic in busy areas

Green walls

Walls covered with plants that absorb CO₂ and clean the air

Urban planning

Designing cities to improve living conditions and reduce pollution

Sustainability

Meeting needs today without reducing future generations’ ability to meet theirs

Renewable energy

Energy from natural sources that won’t run out like wind and solar

Non-renewable energy

Energy from sources that will eventually run out like coal and oil

Geothermal energy

Heat from beneath the Earth’s surface used for power

Solar energy

Energy from sunlight converted into electricity

Energy mix

The proportion of different energy sources used by a country

Sustainable water

Water used in a way that meets current and future needs

SDG 6

UN goal to ensure clean water and sanitation for all

Water scarcity

When water demand exceeds available supply

Conservation

The protection and careful management of natural resources