US HISTORY 2 TEST (1920s)

STUDY (OCT 15TH 2026)

Sacco & Vanzetti

•  Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, Two Italian immigrants convicted of murder in a controversial 1920s trial.

Warren Harding-

• 29th: U.S. president from 1921 to 1923 who promised a “return to normalcy” after World War I.

Calvin Coolidge-

•  30th US President (1923–1929) who took office upon Harding’s death; "the business of America is business."

Ohio Gang

• A group of Harding’s friends who used their government jobs for personal gain.

Brilliant Minds-

• Talented and intelligent people who made important contributions to society such as Albert Einstein, Henry Ford, and Charles Lindbergh,

Albert B. Fall-

• - Harding’s secretary of the interior who was involved in the Teapot Dome bribery scandal.

Flappers-

-Young women in the 1920s who challenged traditional rules and fashions.

Carrie Buck-

•  A woman forced to undergo sterilization in a Supreme Court case supporting eugenics.

General A. Mitchell Palmer-

• U.S. attorney general who led the Palmer Raids against suspected radicals in 1919–1920.

Rough Riders-

•  A volunteer cavalry group led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War.

United States post WWII-

• The U.S. became a world superpower after World War II and helped rebuild Europe.

Fordney McCumber Tariffs-:

A 1922 law that raised taxes on imported goods to protect American businesses.

• Reparations-:

• Payments made by a country to compensate for damage caused by a war.

Dawes Plan

• A 1924 plan that helped Germany pay its World War I reparations by providing loans from the United States.

Young Plan-

• A 1929 plan that reduced Germany’s World War I reparations and extended the time to pay them.

Teapot Dome Scandal

 A corruption scandal in the 1920s when government officials secretly leased oil reserves to businesses for bribes

-Red scare-

 period of extreme anti-communism and intense fear of a communist takeover in a country.

Prohibition-

•  act of forbidding or outlawing something by law or official authority 

Volstead Act-

•  A 1920 law that enforced Prohibition by banning the production and sale of alcoholic drinks.

Consumer Culture

a social and economic state where buying, owning, and displaying material goods and services.

Hollywood-

•  The center of the American movie industry, which grew rapidly in the 1920s.

Palmer Raids

•  were government raids in 1919–1920 to arrest suspected communists and radicals because of fears of a communist revolution.

Anti Immigration Sentiment

•  Fear and dislike of immigrants, leading to calls for stricter immigration laws.

KKK-

A racist group that used violence to target Black people and other minorities.

Tulsa Race Massacre-

•  In 1921, a white mob attacked and destroyed a successful Black neighborhood in Tulsa, Oklahoma.

Eugenics-

•  The false belief that humans could be improved by controlling who could have children.

Buck v. Bell Trial-

•  A Supreme Court case that allowed forced sterilization of people considered “unfit” by society.

• 18th/19th Amendments-

• 18th Amendment: Banned the making and selling of alcohol.

• 19th Amendment: Gave women the right to vote.

Kellogg Briand Pact-

• A 1928 agreement in which countries promised not to use war to solve conflicts.

Communism/ Socialism-

• Communism: The government or community controls major resources and property.

• Socialism: The government or community controls some major resources and services to reduce inequality.
  
  

Anarchist-

•  A person who opposes government authority.

Harlem Renaissance-

•  A 1920s movement celebrating African American art, music, and literature 

McKinley Tariff

•  An 1890 law that raised taxes on imported goods to protect American businesses.

Nativism-

•  Favoring native-born Americans over immigrants.

Flagpole Sitting/ trends

•  A 1920s fad where people sat on flagpoles for long periods to gain attention

Credit-

• Borrowing money now and paying it back later.

Alien/Sedition Acts-

Laws that made it harder for immigrants to become citizens and punished criticism of the government

Speakeasy

• - An illegal bar that sold alcohol during Prohibition.