Greek Grammar Notes: 1a-3a

Omicron declension

Masculine or neuter declension

Indicative

Gives a fact; makes a statement

Infinitive

To + verb

Imperative

Command

Nominative

Subject; predicate adjective (PA) or predicate nominative (PN) after a Greek form of "to be"

Genitive

Possession; place from

Dative

Indirect object (IO); place where

Accusative

Direct object (DO); place to

Vocative

Direct address

Neuter Law

Nominative and accusative are the same in both singular and plural

Special names for adjectives

Omicron-alpha; omicron (Ο-Α-Ο)

μὴ + imperative

Don't! (negative command)

Moveable nu

Added to verbs for pronunciation, especially when the next word starts with a vowel

Iota subscript

Written under long α, η, or ω; does not change pronunciation

Particle

Tiny word that gives emphasis; example: δέ (but)

Postpositive

Never the first word in a clause or sentence; example: γάρ

οὐ, οὐκ, οὐχ

Forms of "not" used depending on the following sound

Attributive position

When an adjective describes a noun and is placed with the article

Long vowels

η, ω

Short vowels

ε, ο

Ways to translate the article

The; or sometimes untranslated, depending on context

Accents

Three types: grave (ὰ), circumflex (ᾶ), acute (ά)