muscles of lower limb

lower limb structure is highly adapted to

bipedalism

main hip flexor

iliopsoas

iliopsoas refers to

the iliacus and psoas major muscles

originates from inner surface of ilium

iliacus

originates from the lumbar vertebrae

psoas major

shared ________ ___________ inserts on lesser trochanter

iliopsoas tendon

what is this

gluetus medius

what is this

tensor fasciae latae

what is this

gluteus maximus

what is this

piriformis

what is this

superior gemellus

what is this

inferior gemellus

what is this

quadratus femoris

what is this

obdurator internus

all quadriceps insert on

tibial tuberosity

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip

sartorius

origin: anterior inferior iliac spine
insertion: tibial tuberosity
function: extends leg at knee, flexes thigh at hip

rectus femoris

extends leg at knee

vastus lateralis

what is this

quadriceps tendon

what is this

patellar ligament

extends leg at knee

vastus medialis

what is this

vastus lateralis

extends leg at knee

vastus intermedius

what is this

vastus medialis

any muscle of thigh that starts with “adductor” inserts on

linea aspera of femur

weakly adducts and flexes thigh at hip

pectineus

adducts thigh at hip

adductor longus

adducts thigh at hip

gracilis

laterally rotates and adducts thigh at hip

obdurator externus

adducts thigh at hip

adductor brevis

adducts and extends thigh at hip

adductor magnus

all hamstring muscles originate from

ischial tuberosity

extends thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee

semitendinosus

extends thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee

biceps femoris

extends thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee

semimembranosus

dorsiflexes and inverts the foot at ankle

tibialis anterior

dorsiflexes foot at ankle, extends digits

extensor digitorum longus

dorsiflexes foot at ankle, extends hallux

extensor hallucis longus

everts foot at ankle

fibularis brevis

everts foot at ankle

vibularis longus

plantarflexes and inverts foot at ankle

tibialis posterior

plantarflexes foot at ankle, flexes digits 2-5

flexor digitorum longus

plantarflexes foot at ankle, flexes hallux

flexor hallucis longus

when knee is fully extended and tibia is planted, laterally rotates femur to unlock the knee -precedes knee flexion from full extension

popliteus

plantarflexes foot at ankle

soleus

weakly assists plantarflexion, more for proprioception (body position awareness) of ankle joint

plantaris

what tendon is this

calcaneal

plantarflexes foot at ankle, flexes leg at knee

gastrocnemius