[9ACO] Loanwords

ad infinitum (adv)

• The debate continued ad infinitum without reaching a decision.

• You cannot stay here ad infinitum without paying rent.

• The problem would be repeated ad infinitum.

without end

ad-lib (v) [T, I]

• The actor forgot his line and had to ad-lib.

• I lost my notes and had to ad-lib the whole speech.

• He ad-libbed his way through the meeting.

​to say something in a speech or a performance that you have not prepared or practised (syn.: improvise)

al fresco (adj, adv)

• an al fresco lunch party

• eating al fresco

• We had dinner al fresco on the patio.

outdoors

alibi (n) [C]

• The suspects all had alibis for the day of the robbery.

• After being accused of robbery, Flash gave me an alibi, which shows him and his friends at a concert.

​evidence that proves that a person was in another place at the time of a crime and so could not have committed it - bằng chứng ngoại phạm

aplomb (n) [UNC] (f)

• He handled the difficult interview with aplomb.

• with considerable/great/remarkable aplomb

• He delivered the speech with his usual aplomb.

• She concealed the problem with remarkable aplomb.

​if somebody does something with _____, they do it in a confident and successful way, often in a difficult situation - sự điềm tĩnh, sự tự tin

avant garde

• Her avant-garde designs shocked the fashion world.

• The theatre shows a lot of avant-garde work.

preferring or introducing new and very modern ideas and methods - tiên phong, tân tiến

blasé (about sth) (adj)

• Kids have become blasé about violence in movies and games.

• After years of travel, he became blasé about luxury hotels.

not impressed, excited or worried about sth, because you have seen or experienced it many times before - chai sần, không còn thích

bona fide (adj)

• She is a bona fide expert in marine biology.

• a bona fide reason

• Is it a bona fide, reputable organization?

​real, legal or true; not false - chính thức, hợp pháp

cache (n) [C]

• Meaning 1:

  • an arms cache

  • The hikers found a cache of supplies in the cabin.

• Meaning 2:

  • When running a program, the cache quickly retrieves and provides the necessary data for efficient execution.

  • The cache in my computer's memory stores frequently used data, allowing programs to run smoothly.

1. ​a hidden store of things such as weapons

2. ​(computing) a part of a computer’s memory that stores copies of data that is often needed while a program is running. This data can be accessed very quickly. - bộ nhớ đệm

carte blanche (n) [UNC]

• He was given carte blanche to say what he liked in the report.

• to have carte blanche

• The manager gave the designer carte blanche to redecorate.

the complete freedom or authority to do whatever you like - quyền tự do quyết định

contretemps, - (n) [C]

• They have been ignoring me since our last contretemps.

• A small contretemps delayed the start of the meeting.

​an unpleasant event or an embarrassing occasion when people disagree - sự bất đồng

coup d’état/coup, coups d’état/coups (n) [C]

• He seized power in a military coup in 2008.

• to stage/mount a coup

• He was sentenced to death for his part in the attempted coup.

• a failed/an abortive coup

a sudden change of government that is illegal and often violent - đảo chính

coup (n) [C]

• Getting this contract has been quite a coup for us.

• He pulled off a major diplomatic coup by winning agreement from all the warring factions on a permanent ceasefire.

the fact of achieving sth that was difficult to do

curriculum vitae (CV) (BrE) | résumé (NrAE)

• Applications with a full curriculum vitae and two references should reach the Principal by June 12th.

• The professor submitted her curriculum vitae with the application.

a written record of your education and the jobs you have done that you send when you are applying for a job - sơ yếu lý lịch

faux pas, - (n) [C]

• Wearing jeans to the formal dinner was a faux pas.

• I committed a faux pas that my friends have never let me forget.

​an action or a remark that causes somebody to feel embarrassed because it is not socially correct

forte (n) [singular]

• Languages were never my forte.

• Public speaking is not really my forte.

​a thing that sb does particularly well - điểm mạnh, ưu điểm

genre (n) [C]

• literary/musical genres

• the horror/action/fantasy genre

• Crime fiction is a genre which seems likely to stay with us for many years.

• genre fiction

a particular type or style of literature, art, film or music that you can recognize because of its special features

in camera

• The trial was held in camera.

• The judge reviewed the documents in camera.

​(law) in a judge’s private room, without the press or the public being present

incognito (adv)

• Movie stars often travel incognito.

• The celebrity traveled incognito to avoid reporters.

• She attended the party incognito, wearing a disguise to ensure no one recognized her.

​in a way that prevents other people from finding out who you are - một cách ẩn danh

kamikaze (adj) [only before noun]

• His kamikaze driving made everyone nervous.

• a kamikaze pilot/attack

• (figurative) He made a kamikaze run across three lanes of traffic.

​used to describe the way soldiers attack the enemy, knowing that they too will be killed (syn.: suicidal)

kudos (n) [UNC]

• Meaning 1:

  • Employees enjoy the kudos that the job brings as much as the financial rewards.

  • There was considerable kudos attached to being on the advisory board.

• Meaning 2 - (to sb) (for sth):

  • Kudos to Bill for fixing that problem.

  • Special kudos goes to Patrick Stewart for his role as the captain.

  • You have to give her kudos for keeping it secret.

1. ​the praise and honour that goes with a particular achievement or position (syn.: prestige)

2. (informal) special praise to sb for sth they have done

lời khen ngợi, lời tán dương

macho (adj)

• He's too macho to ever admit he was wrong.

• macho pride/posturing

• He tried to sound macho, he was clearly scared.

male in an aggressive way

née (n)

• Marie Curie, née Skłodowska, was born in Warsaw.

• Jane Smith, née Brown

​a word used after a married woman’s name to introduce the family name that she had when she was born

non sequitur (n) [C]

• After discussing the weather, he suddenly blurted out a non sequitur about his favorite ice cream flavor.

• His comment about pizza was a non sequitur in the serious debate.

​a statement that does not seem to follow what has just been said in any natural or logical way/irrelevance

paparazzo/pap, paparazzi (n) [C]

• The paparazzi waited outside the hotel.

• The paparazzo waited outside the hotel, hoping to capture a candid shot of the famous actress.

a photographer who follows famous people around in order to get interesting photographs of them to sell to a newspaper

persona non grata (n) [UNC]

• Their ambassador was declared persona non grata and forced to leave the country.

• After the scandal, he became persona non grata at the club.

​a person who is not welcome in a particular place because of sth they have said or done, especially one who is told to leave a country by the government

post-mortem (n) [C]

• Meaning 1 (also post-mortem examination):

  • to do/conduct/carry out a post-mortem

  • The post-mortem on the child revealed that she had been poisoned.

  • They’re doing a post-mortem on him today.

• Meaning 2 (on sth):

  • The team held a post-mortem after the failed project.

  • to hold a post-mortem on the party’s election defeat

1. a medical examination of the body of a dead person in order to find out how they died - khám nghiệm tử thi

2. a discussion or an examination of an event after it has happened, especially in order to find out why it failed

quid pro pro (n) [singular]

• The deal involved a clear quid pro pro.

• “I think I owe you a quid pro pro,” smiled the manager. “If you take on the extra responsibility now, I’ll make sure you get a promotion next year.”

​a thing given in return for sth else - có qua có lại

siesta (n) [C]

• to have/take a siesta

• I went upstairs for my afternoon siesta.

• Lots of people were taking a short siesta in the shade.

​a rest or sleep taken in the early afternoon, especially in hot countries

spiel (n) [C] (inf)

• The salesman gave us his usual spiel about the product.

• The salesman went into a long spiel about the merits of the new design.

​a speech that sb has used many times that is intended to persuade you to believe sth or buy sth - lời mời gọi, quảng cáo

tête-à-tête (n) [C]

• There was little chance of a tête-à-tête with Peter.

• The leaders had a quiet tête-à-tête after dinner.

​a private conversation between two people

verbatim (adj, adv)

• She copied the quote verbatim into her notes.

• a verbatim report

• He reported the speech verbatim.

​exactly as spoken or written (syn.: word for word) - nguyên văn

vice versa (adv)

• You can cruise from Cairo to Aswan or vice versa (= also from Aswan to Cairo).

• Cats may fear dogs, and vice versa.

​used to say that the opposite of what you have just said is also true - ngược lại

vigilante (n)

• vigilantes patrolling the streets

• vigilante groups

• The neighbours have formed a vigilante group to keep a watch on the car park.

• Two vigilantes who took the law into their own hands were cleared yesterday of murder.

​a member of a group of people who try to prevent crime or punish criminals in their community, especially because they think the police are not doing this - người tự xử, dân phòng

wanderlust (n) [UNC]

• Her wanderlust took her to five countries in one year.

• 
  

​a strong desire to travel

vis-à-vis (prp.)

• Meaning 1: Britain’s role vis-à-vis the United States

• Meaning 2: It was felt that the company had an unfair advantage vis-à-vis smaller companies elsewhere.

1. in relation to

2. in comparison with