Quizlets M7 Pre-Clinic (Ch.18-20)

The center of the col area is not usually —and thus is more susceptible to infection.

keratinized

11. The technique used with the

b) walking stroke.

a

The thickness of cementum is 50 to 200 µm. The vascular and nerve connections are present; therefore, cementum is sensitive.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

True or False? After periodontal surgery the JE may be apical to the CEJ.

True

True or False? Gingiva around the implant will have a different color and consistency than gingiva around a natural tooth.

False

a

-The connective tissue fibers below the junctional epithelium are destroyed in an advanced lesion.

-The epithelium migrates along the root surface in an initial lesion.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

A factor that lends assistance to, supplements, or adds to a condition or disease is a(n):

a) predisposing factor.

b) contributing factor.

c) etiologic factor.

d) risk factor.

b

All of the following are steps that promote oral cleanliness and prevent deposits on the teeth, except:

a) saliva begins lubrication of food and oral tissues.

b) contact areas prevent interdental entrance.

c) gingival crest prevents retention of particles.

d) irregular alignment of teeth leaves areas conducive to collection of microorganisms.

d

Ms. Breathe arrives for her 6-month recall appointment. She is a healthy 45-year-old female, and there are no changes noted in the medical history. During the examination you discover she has six 6-mm pockets, Class III furcations located on all second molars, and no recession. What stage of periodontal disease does Ms. Breathe have?

a) Initial

b) Established

c) Early

d) Advanced

d

Ms. Breathe arrives for her 6-month recall appointment. She is a healthy 45-year-old female, and there are no changes noted in the medical history. During the examination you discover she has six 6-mm pockets, Class III furcations located on all second molars, and no recession. All of the following are functions of attached gingiva except to:

a) give support to the marginal gingiva.

b) withstand the frictional stresses of mastication and toothbrushing.

c) aid in proper occlusion.

d) provide attachment.

c

True or False? Periodontal stage III has interdental attachment loss of 3-4 mm, has radiographic bone loss extending to middle third of root and beyond, and has furcation involvement class II or III.

False

The probe is at the base of the sulcus or crevice, at the coronal end of the junctional epithelium with normal healthy tissue. The probe tip is within the junctional epithelium with advanced periodontitis.

a. Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b. Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c. Both statements are true.

d. Both statements are false.

a

The following are all possible problems when placing the probe, except:

a) anatomic variations.

b) interferences.

c) accessibility.

d) firm gingiva.

d

Where is the measurement of the probing depth made?

a) From the gingival margin to the attached periodontal tissue

b) From the gingival margin to the base of the alveolar ridge

c) From the gingival margin to the bottom of the periodontal ridge

d) From the gingival margin through the col area

a

The clinical attachment level refers to the position of the:

a) gingiva surrounding the teeth.

b) periodontal attached tissues at the base of a sulcus.

c) gingival attachment apparatus.

d) alveolar bone in correlation to gingival attachment.

b

All of the following are purposes of the tension test conducted during a mucogingival examination, except:

a) to detect adequacy of the width of the attached gingiva.

b) to locate frenal attachments and their proximity to the free gingiva.

c) to identify promptly the mucogingival junction.

d) to determine when a pocket extends to or beyond the col area.

d

True or False? Subgingival calculus usually appears lighter than supragingival calculus.

False

The function of cementum is to:

a) seal the tubules of the root dentin and provide attachment for the periodontal fiber groups.

b) provide attachment for the periodontal fiber groups only.

c) seal the tubules of the enamel.

d) provide attachment for the dentin.

a

The thickness of cementum is 50 to 200 µm. The vascular and nerve connections are present; therefore, cementum is sensitive.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

a

The gingival sulcus is the:

a) shallow linear groove that demarcates the free from the attached gingiva.

b) cufflike band of stratified squamous epithelium.

c) crevice between the free gingiva and the tooth.

d) narrow fold of mucous membrane that passes from a more fixed to a movable part.

c

What is a Class I embrasure?

a) Gingival tissue fills the area.

b) The tip of the interdental papilla is at or apical to the interproximal CEJ, but coronal to the height of the facial CEJ.

c) Complete loss of the interdental papilla due to extensive gingival recession.

d) The tip of the interdental papilla is apical to the contact point of adjacent teeth, but the interproximal CEJ is not visible.

d

Which of the following is not true about the mucogingival junction?

a) The mucogingival junction appears as a line that marks the connection between the attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa.

b) The mucogingival line is found on the facial surface of all quadrants and on the lingual surface of the mandibular arch.

c) The anterior line is straight, but it is fairly scalloped posterior to the premolars.

d) Contrast can be seen between the pink of the keratinized, stippled, attached gingiva and the darker alveolar mucosa.

c

Which of the following statements best describes alveolar mucosa?

a) Movable tissue, smooth, shiny surface with nonkeratinized, thin epithelium

b) Immovable tissue, stippled, dense surface with keratinized, thin epithelium

c) Movable tissue, stippled, shiny surface with nonkeratinized, thick epithelium

d) Immovable tissue, smooth, shiny surface with keratinized, thin epithelium

a

Which of the following should not be designated as clinically normal or clinically healthy?

a) Shade of pale or coral pink varied by complexion and pigmentation

b) Knife-edged gingival margin that adapts closely around the tooth

c) Smooth, soft, and maximal sulcus depth with bleeding when probed

d) Stippling, firmness, and minimal sulcus depth with no bleeding when probed

c

Disease changes do not produce alterations in color, size, position, shape, consistency, surface texture, bleeding readiness, and exudate production. Chronic diseased tissue may be hard and fibrotic, with a normal pink color and normal or deep stippling.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

b

Signs of health in the gingiva include all of the following, except:

a) pale pink color.

b) fit snugly around the tooth.

c) knife-edged margin.

d) firm when palpated.

e) bleeding on probing.

e

Hyperkeratosis is a:

a) leathery, hard, or nodular surface.

b) leathery, smooth surface.

c) leathery, stippled surface.

d) leathery, soft surface.

a

In the relationship of enamel and cementum at the cervical area there is __________ instances where they do not meet and there can be an area of exposed dentin.

a) 5%

b) 7% to 14%

c) 10% to 40%

d) 50% to 70%

e) 80%

c

Suppuration is the formation of:

a) material alba.

b) scalelike cells.

c) pus.

d) None of these are correct.

c

All of the following are used to determine the initial diagnosis and case type of a patient, except:

a) radiographs.

b) clinical examination.

c) biopsy.

d) patient history.

c

An early lesion is described as all of the following, except:

a) dental biofilm becomes older and thicker.

b) breakdown of collagen fiber support and rete ridges are formed.

c) occurs within 2 to 4 days from bacterial accumulation.

d) epithelium proliferates.

c

-The connective tissue fibers below the junctional epithelium are destroyed in an advanced lesion.

-The epithelium migrates along the root surface in an initial lesion.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

a

A sulcus or a pocket has a gingival side and a tooth side. The gingival side is:

a) sulcular epithelium.

b) smooth muscle.

c) striated epithelium.

d) stressed epithelium.

a

Which of the following acts as a barrier to keep infection out?

a) Sulcus

b) Epithelial tissue

c) Junctional epithelium

d) Cementoenamel junction

c

An exposure that increases the probability that a condition or disease will occur is what type of factor?

a) Predisposing factor

b) Contributing factor

c) Etiologic factor

d) Risk factor

d

Irregular alignment of a single tooth or groups of teeth that leaves areas conducive to collection of microorganisms for biofilm formation is considered:

a) occlusion.

b) normocclusion.

c) malocclusion.

d) regocclusion

c

The following medications induce gingival enlargement, except:

a) dilantin.

b) synthroid.

c) cyclosporine.

d) nifedipine.

b

Factors contributing to the onset of NUP include which of the following?

a) Obesity

b) Inadequate personal oral care with general neglect

c) Diabetes

d) Lack of exercise

b

Which systemic disease can influence the occurrence and severity of periodontitis?

a) Diabetes mellitus

b) Obesity

c) Osteoporosis

d) All of these are correct

d

Ms. Breathe arrives for her 6-month recall appointment. She is a healthy 45-year-old female, and there are no changes noted in the medical history. During the examination you discover she has six 6-mm pockets, Class III furcations located on all second molars, and no recession. What is a Class III furcation?

a) Probe can be passed between the roots through the entire furcation.

b) Probe can enter but not pass between the roots.

c) Probe can enter furcation area but only slightly.

d) Probe can be passed between roots, and gingival recession is involved.

a

A) A probe or an explorer should be applied to the teeth and gingiva before an initial review of information from the patient history has been made. B) Cassette setups for all patients need a basic setup composed of a mouth mirror, probes to include furcation probe, and explorers to include a subgingival explorer.

a. Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b. Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c. Both statements are true.

d. Both statements are false.

b

The shepherd's hook explorer is commonly used for examining:

a) proximal surfaces.

b) margins of restorations.

c) concave areas.

d) pits and fissures.

d

Why would a dental hygienist dry supragingival calculus with an air syringe?

a) To facilitate exploring and scaling

b) To deflect the gingival margin

c) To identify areas of demineralization

d) To recognize location and condition of restorations

a

A sulcus and pocket survey should consist of all of the following, except:

a) examine the shape and dimensions of sulci and pockets.

b) measure and record probing depths.

c) evaluate tooth surface pocket wall.

d) chart plaque and severity.

d

A) A probe is a slender instrument with a rough, pointed tip designed for examination of the depth and topography of a gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket. B) A probe has three parts: the handle, the angled shank, and the working end.

a. Both statements are true.

b. Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c. Statement A is true and statement B is false.

d. Both statements are false.

b

A pocket is:

a) healthy gingival sulcus

b) diseased gingival sulcus

c) a calculus deposit

d) a plaque deposit

b

All of the following are factors that affect probe determinations except:

a) accuracy and consistency

b) patient discomfort and trauma to the tissues must be minimal

c) severity and extent of periodontal disease

d) patient age

d

The technique used with the periodontal probe is:

a) running stroke.

b) walking stroke.

c) jogging stroke.

d) sliding stroke.

b

A) With molars and premolars, the probe is oriented at the distal line angle for both facial and lingual application. B) With anterior teeth, the initial insertion may be at the distal line angle or from the midline of the facial or lingual surfaces.

a. Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b. Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c. Both statements are true.

d. Both statements are false.

c

The working end of an explorer is a __________ that is circular in cross section and tapers to a fine sharp point.

a) slender, wirelike, metal tip

b) thick, stringlike, metal tip

c) slender, flosslike, plastic tip

d) thick, wirelike, plastic tip

a

A) A single-ended instrument has one working end on a separate handle. B) A double-ended instrument has two working ends, one on each end of a common handle.

a. Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b. Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c. Both statements are true.

d. Both statements are false.

c

All of the following are types of explorers, except:

a) ODU 11/12, TU-17.

b) shepherd's hook.

c) pigtail or cowhorn.

d) H 6/7.

d

A) Supragingival calculus is most commonly found on the facial surfaces of the mandibular anterior teeth and lingual surfaces of the maxillary first and second molars. B) Subgingival calculus is typically not localized.

a. Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b. Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c. Both statements are true.

d. Both statements are false.

d

A) The periodontal ligament is connective tissue and appears radiopaque in a radiograph. B) Early furcation involvement may appear as a small radiolucent black area.

a. Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b. Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c. Both statements are true.

d. Both statements are false.

b

A) Some proximal overhanging margins may be seen on radiographs. B) The use of an explorer is unnecessary to detect irregular margins and to examine all proximal margins that do not reveal irregularities in the radiographs.

a. Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b. Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c. Both statements are true.

d. Both statements are false.

a

With the explorer tip sharp and tapered, the following can be expected, except:

a) increased tactile sensitivity with less pressure required.

b) some necessary trauma to the gingival tissue.

c) decreased instrumentation time with increased patient comfort.

d) None of these are correct.

b

3. A) The connective tissue fibers beļow the junctional epithelium are destroyed in an advanced lesion. B) The epithelium migrates along the root surface in an initial lesion.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

a

4. A) A pocket is a healthy sulcus. B) A pocket has an inner and outer wall of the free gingiva.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

b

5. A) A periodontal pocket is a pocket formed by gingival enlargement without apical migration of the junctional epithelium. B) A gingival pocket is a pocket formed as a result of disease or degeneration that caused the junctional epithelium to migrate along the cementum.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

d

10. A) A local factor is a factor in the immediate environment of the oral cavity or specifically in the environment of the teeth or periodontium. B) A risk factor results from or is influenced by a general physical or mental disease or condition.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

B) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

a

14. A) Smokers have increased bone loss. B) An association between periodontal disease and all forms of tobacco has not been established.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

a

15. A) Diabetic patients have a decreased susceptibility to periodontal infections. B) Periodontal treatment improves the metabolic control of diabetes.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true,

c) Both statements true.

d) Both statements are false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true

16. A) A variety of other factors predispose some patients to the retention of bacterial deposits and hence to the development of disease in the soft tissues. B) Oral habits, and personal biofilm control procedures, contribute to retention.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

c

17. A) The inflammatory process is very simple and is not influenced by patient's environmental factors. B) When the immune response is working effectively, the presence of biofilm results in gingival inflammation with breakdown of tissue.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

d

18. An increased incidence of NUP has been diagnosed in HIV-positive patients. Necrotizing periodontal diseases (NPD) begins as an acute condition with rapid tissue destruction.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

c

21. A) Periodontal abscess in nonperiodontitis patient subcategories includes impaction such as popcorn hull, or dental floss. B) Additionally, nail biting can cause a periodontal abscess.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false,

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

c

1. A) The clinical crown is the part of the tooth below the attached periodontal tissues. B) The clinical root is the part of the tooth below the base of the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

b

2. A) The periodontium is the functional unit of tissues surrounding and supporting the tooth. B) It is made up of two parts: the gingiva, and the attachment apparatus.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

c

3. The following describes which gingival fiber group: from the cementum in the cervical region into the free gingiva to give support to the gingiva?

a) Dentogingival fibers

b) Circumferential fibers

c) Alveologingival fibers

d) Transseptal fibers

a

4. A) Apical fibers extend from the root apex to adjacent surrounding bone to resist vertical forces. B) Interradicular fibers extend from the cementum in the middle of each root to adjacent alveolar bone to resist tipping of the tooth.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

a

6. A) The thickness of cementum is 50 to 200 um. B) The vascular and nerve connections are present; therefore, cementum is sensitive.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

a

7. A) The free gingival groove is a shallow linear groove that demarcates the free from the attached gingiva. B) In the absence of inflammation and pocket formation, the gingival groove runs somewhat parallel with and about 0.5 to 1.5 mm from the gingival margin.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

c

9. Gingival crevicular fluid is the:

a) fluid portion of the blood that seeps from the epithelial lining of the attachment apparatus.

b) serum-like fluid that seeps from the connective tissue through the epithelial lining of the sulcus or pocket.

c) white blood cells that seep into the pockets or sulcus.

d) serum that seeps from the connective tissue through the masticatory lining.

b

10. A) Junctional epithelium is a band of stratified squamous epithelium that is continuous with the sulcular epithelium and completely encircles the tooth. B) The junctional epithelium or attachment epithelium provides a seal at the base of the sulcus.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

c

17. A) Factors that influence color are vascular supply, thickness of epithelium, and degree of keratinization. B) Chronic inflammation appears as a dark red, bluish red, magenta, or deep blue.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

c

18. A) Floss cleft is created by using the floss correctly. B) Stillman's cleft is a localized recession that may be in a V-shape that extends several millimeters toward the mucogingival junction.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true,

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

b

20. A) Gingivitis occurs frequently in children, but is usually reversible without having permanent damage. B) Periodontal disease cannot occur in children.

a) Statement A is true and statement B is false,

b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.

c) Both statements are true.

d) Both statements are false.

a

The center of the col area is not usually —and thus is more susceptible to infection.

keratinized

The _______ is the functional unit of tissues surrounding and supporting the tooth.

The periodontium

An interproximal area is also called an _________.

embrasure

Two papillae, one facial and one lingual, connected by a ____, are found when teeth are in contact.

col

The fibers are inserted into the cementum on one side and the alveolar bone on the other are called ___________

Sharpey's fibers