MOD4 chambers of heart p2

right atrium receives blood from:

superior vena cava

inferior vena cava

explain superior vena cava:

carries blood from head, neck, upper limbs and chest

explain inferior vena cava:

carries blood from trunk, viscera and lower limbs

name features of the right atrium:

foramen ovale

pectinate muscles

explain foreman ovale:

before birth is an opening through interatrial heart

connect the 2 atria

at birth closes, forming fossa ovalis

explain the pectinate muscles:

prominent muscular ridges

on anterior atrial wall and inner surface of auricle

how does tricuspid valve prevent back flow of blood:

free edges of valve attach to chordae tendinae and prevents valve from opening backwards

explain trabecular carneae:

muscular ridges on internal surface of both ventricles

explain moderator band of right ventricle:

muscular ridge that delivers stimulus for contraction to papillary muscles

explain conus arteriosus:

at superior end of right ventricle

ends at pulmonary valve

explain the pulmonary valve:

has 3 cusps

leads to pulmonary trunk

starts pulmonary circuit

divides into left and right pulmonary arteries

how does pulmonary circuit begin:

right ventricle pumps blood through pulmonary valve to pulmonary trunk

explain the left atrium:

receives blood from left and right pulmonary veins

blood passes to left ventricle through mitral valve (bicuspid valve)

explain the left ventricle:

similar to right ventricle without moderator band

blood leaves left ventricle through aortic valve into ascending aorta

define aortic sinuses:

saclike expansions at base of ascending aorta

how does ascending aorta change:

becomes aortic arch then descending aorta

compare the left ventricle to the right ventricle

holds and pumps same amount of blood

has thinner walls

develops less pressure

is more pouch shaped than round

explain what happens when ventricles contract:

blood pressure closes valves

papillary muscles contract and tense chordae tendinae: to prevent regurgitation of blood into atria

what are heart valves:

semilunar valves:

pulmonary and aortic valves

prevent backflow into ventricles

what is valvular heart disease:

deterioration of valve function

develops after carditis: inflammation of the heart

what can cause carditis:

rheumatic fever

what Is coronary circulation:

supplies blood to muscle tissue of heart

what are coronary arteries:

originate at aortic sinuses

maintain blood flow when blood pressure is elevated

what does the right coronary artery supply blood to:

right atrium

portions of both ventricles

portions of electrical conducting system of heart

what does the right coronary artery give rise to:

marginal arteries

posterior inter ventricular artery

what does the left coronary artery supply to:

left ventricle

left atrium

intervetricular septum

what does the left coronary artery give rise to:

circumflex artery

anterior inter ventricular artery

explain the great cardiac vein:

returns blood to coronary sinus at the opening of the right atrium