Early Canadian History and Governance

Vocabulary flashcards covering early Canadian history, the Seven Years' War, colonial rebellions, responsible government, and political deadlock based on lecture notes.

Indigenous Nations' Trade

The exchange of goods such as food, tools, furs, and copper across vast distances among Indigenous nations.

New France

The French colony established in North America where most settlers lived along the St. Lawrence River because it provided transportation, fertile farmland, and access to trade.

Seven Years' War (1756–1763)

A war in which France and Britain competed for control of North America, resulting in Britain defeating France.

Treaty of Paris (1763)

The 1763 agreement through which Britain gained control of New France after defeating France in the Seven Years' War.

Rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada

Uprisings caused by colonists' belief that governments were unfair and controlled by small groups of wealthy elites; though they failed militarily, they convinced Britain that political reforms were needed.

Responsible Government

A political system where governments had to maintain the support of elected representatives in the legislature rather than simply following the wishes of the British governor, making BNA more democratic and granting colonists greater control over local affairs.

Political Deadlock

A situation where government cannot make decisions because opposing groups cannot agree.