Week 4: 3.03 & 3.05 Posterior Pituitary physiology & Pathology
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56 Terms
anterior pituitary
other name
type of tissuefunction
posterior pituitary
other name
type of tissuefunction
how does the pituitary gland form embryologically?
what is the role of magnocellular neurons on the HPA axis?
compare what hormones the PVN and SON nuclei secrete
describe the anatomy of the pituitary gland
where is it
what is around it
how does the hypothalamus communicate with the pituitary gland?
describe the vascular connections and innervation of the pituitary gland
what is the effect of the hypophyseal portal system?
what are the 5 cell types of the pituitary? what hormone does each release?
what are the mebryonic origins of the antierior and posterior pituitary glands
what are the 6 hormones released by the anterior pituitary gland? how are these regulated? what does each of these do?
what are the 2 hormones stored and released by the posterior pituitary? what do they do?
ADH: water balance
oxytocin: milk ejection and uterine contractions
what is the mechanism in the posterior pituitary neurons for homrone release
what are the functions of oxytocin?
describe the feedback loop of oxytocin
how does oxytocin affect smooth muscle?
how is oxytocin uinque in endocrine regulation?
how does the effect of oxytocin change over time in pregnancy?
what are the mechanisms that inhibit oxytocin
what is the primary function of ADH?
what are the two stimuli for ADH release?
osmoreceptors
baroreceptors
how do osmorecptors work to cause ADH release?
how do barorecptors work to cause ADH release?
how can little changes in osmolarity cause affecs in ADH release?
what are the 2 receptors for ADH?
where is V2?
what is the impact of binding to aquaporin?
summarize what ADH relaese is stimulated by
summarize what ADH effects
define function disorders of the pituitary
what are the types of pituitary tumors?
why are pituitary adenomas so common?
describe the hormone and findings of a lactotroph tumor
describe the hormone and findings of a gonadotroph tumor
describe the hormone and findings of a somatotroph tumor
describe the hormone and findings of a corticotroph tumor
describe the hormone and findings of a mixed GH and PRL cell tumor
describe the hormone and findings of a thyrotroph cell tumor
what are the 3 mass effects of a pituitary tumor?
what are the complications of a pituitary tumor?
what are non-functional pituitary tumors? do they cause hypo or hyper pituitarism?
definition of hyperpituitarism
increased hormone production
what are the potential causes of hypopituitarism?
how can the pituitary be damaged?
what are the clinical features of a GH hypopituitaryism?
what are the clinical features of a LH/FSH hypopituitaryism?
what are the clinical features of a ACTH hypopituitaryism?
what are the clinical features of a TSH hypopituitaryism?
children: growth retardation/impairment and cognitive impairment if early
adults and children: hypothyroidism
what are the clinical features of a PRL hypopituitaryism?
failure to lactate postpartum
what is the order of pituiarty cell type tumors from most common to least common?
draw out the HPG axis in men and women
describe the HPG axis in women
in the female HPG axis, what determines which steriod hormone is released?
what preceded the LH spike in women?
describe the HPG in men
