SS9- Great Regions of North America

How was the Appalachian Region formed?

It was mainly created by the collision of Rock layers. Forming Fold mountains that then got eroded by wind, smoothing the sharp ragged peaks.

Where is the Appalachian Region Located?

The Appalachian Region is located on the East coast of North America and borders the Atlantic Ocean. It runs 2400km from Newfoundland and South West in through US.

What are some Physical Features of the Appalachian region?

Mountains- old ones worn down from wind erosion. (Low and not sharp)

Fertile Plateau

River Valleys

What can be found in the Sedimentary Layers in the Appalachian Region?

Deposits of coal, oil, and gas.

What are the Agents of erosion in the Appalachian region

Water- Carves deep Valleys into the land. And when it freezes and thaws, it can pry apart rocks.

Wind- Can wear away and smooth the rough edges of mountains.

Factors that influence Climate in the Appalachian

There are two currents.

The LabradorCurrent- Brings cold water (and air) south from the Arctic

The Gulf Stream- Brings Warm water (and air) North from Caribbean along coast (before turning east across atlantic to Europe.)

But this can also mean the Appalachian is susseptable to Hurricanes.

What are some Types of Trees in the Appalachian.

(C&D) The Appalachian used to be heavily forested. Trees like Oak and Maple can survive in the Mountainous souls but thrive near Plateaus and River Valleys.

Why is the Appalacian region good for Fishing?

The area in this Region is where the Labardor Current and Gulf Stream meets creating a good enviorment for Plankton and other organisms to grow. Which is also food for fish, making this area a great breeding ground for fish.

What were/is the main human activities in Appalachian Region?

The great amount of fish attracted Europeans in the past and is now a huge part in the Fishing Industry.

Where is the Coastal Plains Located?

The Lowland streches along the West coast of North America (not in canada sadly) Bordering the Arctic Ocean.

Why is the Coastal Plains Important for the Development of Industry

The Region has Fertile land good for agriculture and rushing waters that Boost transportation.

What are the Physical Features of the Coasta Plains.

The Coastal plains are mostly flat with gentle hills along with marshes and swamps. It's average elevation is 200m above sea level. (More than half is 30m below sea lvl.)

How are Swamps and Marches made in the Coastal Plains

The Gradual sinking of the land allowed the sea to to submerge lower parts of the land (usually near mouths of streams), creating “puddles”.

Besides Transportation and agriculture, why else is the Coastal Plains Important?

Great sources for shellfish and aquatic life

What animals will you fins in the Coastal Plains

Alligator, Shellfish, and other aquatic creatures.

What kind of soil is in the Coastal Plains?

Mainly very sand soils. Although some natural vegetation adapted to the soils (in Mexico).

Coastal Plains Human activities.

The Coastal Plains is important to the development of human industry. Including Farming, and Fishing.

Recorces and types of tree in the Coastal Plains

Agriculture land from fertile soil

Fish

Pine forests

Oak

Maple

Coastal Plains Climate

Very diverse climate.

In the north, there are cold snowy winter, and hot humid summers.

Southern parts have a sub tropical climate. And are also subject to hurricanes. (Late summer and early winter)

How do Hurricanes form? What is it?

A hurricane is a very windy storm reaching over 120km/h (oftern over 240km/h

That are caused by Convectional heating which is when denser cool air drops inwards in a spiral into lighter warm air.

What is the smallest geograohical region in canada. And where is it located?

It is the great lakes st Lawrence lowland. Located in the triangle formed by lake ontario, heron and Erie. It is also cut short by the Canadian shield. Then continues on along the st lawrence river. Also including a small island north.

What is the topography of the Great lakes st Lawrence Lowland?

It contains several escarpments and rolling landscapes. Flat plains, hills and River valleys. Many rolling Landscapes were created by Glaciation.

What type of Climate did the Great lakes st Lawrence lowland have?

The area had a humid continental climate due to the presence of the great lakes (that evaporate). In afditon, the Great lakes store heat and helps cool summers and warm winters in surrounding areas.

Types of trees in the Great Lakes st. lawrence Lowland

Maple, oak, birch, fir, pine, spruce, and more. Because wit has good soil and climate.

How was the Great Lakes st Lawrence formed?

The Great lakes st Lawrence started out as a rift Valley then to the end of the last Ice age, the atlantic ocean flooded the area which laid sediments that created fertile flat land.

Human activities in Great lakes st lawrence.

Farming (has very good farmland)

The Niagara Escarpment has good view so it attracts many tourists.

Is very populated even though it is the smallest region in size.

Why is the Great Lakes st Lawrence so poupulated?

Its flat, had nice temps, nice farmland, and not much rain but still humid.

Where is the Interior Plains Located?

The interior plains is located between the Western Cordillera and Canadian shield. Extending from the arctic ocean through the center of america reaching the gulf of mexico.

Interior plains topography.

The interior plains is not completely flat, often containing small hills. Its is divided into

The centeral lowland- is formed by the canadian shield, and the great Lakes

The Great plains- higher than the Great Plains st Lawrence. Its around 600-1500m above sea level.

The interior plains has three types of elevations separated by escarpments. In general the closer it is to the sea, it gets lower.

What is the Climate in Interior Plains.

The climate has long hot summers, cold winters and very little precipitation. Its very dicverse but the more north, its usually colder. Moreover, the place is also subjected to tornados (spins counter clock wise in speeds up to 650km/h)

What are the resources and or vegetation in the Interior Plains.

The recources include Mixed deciduous trees and tall prairie grasses.

Where and what are the grasses like in the Interior plaisn

The grass is located in the great plains, it can grow as tall as a human.

what are some Human activities in the interior Plains?

Human activities include cattle farming and irrigation because the enviorment can get very dry.

Why are tornados so destructive?

Tornados are have high speed winds that twirl at the speed of 650km/h. And moves at 60km/h.

How old is the Canadian Shield

Over 2 billion years old

What type of Mountains did the Canadian shield have.

It had Large volcanic mountains that were leveled out by millions of years of erosion.

What happened in the Canadian shield during the Last ice age?

During the Oceans, glaciers had removed alot of the soild leaving barren rock surfaces in many places. The retreat of the glaciers also affected the shields drainage, carrying debris that damned up rivers. Resulting in chaotic patterns of lake, rivers, swamps, and muskegs.

What is the Average elevation of the Shield in the north and south

North is around 100m above sea level

And South is about 500m above sea level.

What happens when you travel north of the Canadian shield?

The winters get longer and colder, the summers are shorter and colder.

Why do trees have a hard time growing in the Canadian shield?

The enviorment is too cold and harsh for trees. Also there is permafrost meaning the ground is frozen and hasn’t thawed in a long time.

Humain activity in the Shield

Mining for copper, zinc, gold, and lead. Also makes paper.

Western Cordillera Landscape.

Western cordillera has many many newer mountains. Plateaus, and River Valleys.

On the coastal sides, it has volcanic mountains.

Describe Where the Rocky mountain is and what it has to do with rivers.

The rocky mountain is the most easternly mountain. It is the continental divide that separates which direction rivers go. Anything east ends up going east and vice versa.

What type of Climate does the Western cordillera have?

On the west coast, the Cordillera has a maritime climate. Being one of the wettest regions on earth.

Are Valleys?

What kind of Rainforest is on the Pacific coast?

Temperate rain forest

Western Cordillera Vegetaion

Varies very much.

Windward slopes have oak, Douglas fir, cedar, and many large varieties.

At the tops of mountains, trees ceases to exist because it like a tundra.

On Leeward slopes, it is very dry co only facts and can grow in the dry valleys.

What are some mountain ranges in the intermountain region?

Cascades, Rockies, Sierra Nevada.

Where to streams and Rivers go in the Intermountain region?

Many streams end up in brackish water or dissapear into sinks in the desert.Although some do find a way tot eh ocean.

Is the Intermoutain region wet or dry? And why

Its dry because eits on the leewars side of a mountain with very little precipitation.

Climate in the Intermountain Region like?

Winters are cool, moist, or hot and dry. Depending on where you are but its mostly just dry summers and dry winters.

The vegetation int Intermountain region.

Has thin pine forests in higher areas. But mainly sparse grass that can survive in semi-desert climates.

Arctic Topography

Flat plains but have fold mountains north that are covered by glaciers.

Arctic Climate

Very very cold. Has winters that last up to 10 months and very little precipitation. Infact its actually considered a Desert.

Vegetation in Arctic

Basically nothing but some moss maybe bushes and grass. They cling to the ground to collect as much moisture and warmth.

What is permafrost

When the found has been frozen for a long time and hasn’t thawed since.

Permafrost problems to human

Cant have sewage and pipes underground. Can only put them above ground or it’ll freeze. The above ground pipes are called utilidors.

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