Hairdressing Professional Level 2 EPA Revision

Vocabulary flashcards covering skin layers, hair types, hair biology, colouring processes, perming, surfactants, salon safety, and apprenticeship standards for Level 2 EPA revision.

What is the Epidermis?

The outermost layer of the skin.

What is contained in the Dermis?

The layer of the skin containing blood vessels and nerve endings.

What is Hair Type 1?

Straight hair.

What is Hair Type 2?

Wavy hair.

What is Hair Type 3?

Curly hair.

What is Hair Type 4?

Coily/very curly hair.

Hair Subtype A?

A hair classification indicating a loose pattern.

Hair Subtype B?

A hair classification indicating a medium pattern.

Hair Subtype C?

A hair classification indicating a tight/coarse pattern.

What is Type 3C Hair?

Hair characterized by tight, coarse curls with lots of volume.

Eumelanin is…

A natural hair pigment that produces brown and black tones.

Pheomelanin is…

A natural hair pigment that produces red and yellow tones ("Pheo = Fiery colours").

A process where small colour molecules enter the cortex, expand, and become trapped is called…

Permanent Hair Colouring

The hair structure that permanent colour fully penetrates and where colour molecules become trapped is called …

Cortex

What is Hydrogen Peroxide?

The chemical usually used alongside permanent colour.

A chemical that opens the cuticle to allow colour molecules to enter during permanent colouring is…

Ammonia

What is Oxidation?

A chemical reaction that develops permanent colour molecules inside the hair.

What is Reduction?

A chemical process that breaks bonds within the hair structure.

A colour type that does not penetrate the cortex and sits on the surface of the hair is …

Temporary Colour

A colour type that does not penetrate deeply into the cortex and mainly coats the cuticle is …

Semi-Permanent Colour

What is a Surfactant?

A cleansing ingredient that attracts both water and oil.

What is the Hydrophilic Head?

The water-loving part of a surfactant molecule that attracts water ("PHIL = Friend of water").

What is Hydrophobic Tail?

The oil-loving/oil-attracting part of a surfactant molecule that attracts dirt and grease. (not attracted to water - Phobia)

Describe Chemical Rearranging

A three-stage chemical process consisting of Soften (bonds are broken to make hair easier to reshape), Mould (hair is reshaped into its new form), and Fix (bonds are reformed to hold the new shape).

The bonds within the hair that are broken during a perm service are ..?

Disulphide Bonds

The product that begins the bond-breaking process in a perm is …

Perm Lotion

What is Ammonium Thioglycolate?

The active chemical in most alkaline perms (memory trick: AT = Alkaline Thioglycolate).

What is the purpose of Neutraliser in perming?

To reform bonds and fix the hair into its new shape.

What is Post-Treatment?

A service step after chemical services that stops chemical action and helps restore pH balance.

What is an employee's obligation to within the Electricity at Work Regulation?

To report, label, and remove faulty or defective equipment from use to protect staff and clients from injury.

Apprenticeship Minimum Working Week in hours?

The statutory minimum requirement of 30 hours per week for an apprenticeship.