CCA Nutrient Management

Which of the following isn't an essential nutrient for plants?

A. N

B. Cu

C.NA

D. H

C. Na (Sodium)

Which of the following is a cation n the soil?

a. chlorine

b. potassium

c. molybdenum

d. sulfur

b. potassium (K+)

(Cl- , So4 2-)

Which of the following nutrients is a macronutrient?

a. Cu

b. S

c. Mn

d. B

b. S (sulfur)

Which of the following regulates stomatal openings?

a. N

b. P

c. Fe

d. K

d. Potassium

Which of the following is a beneficial element that is important in animal nutrition?

a. Si

b. Na

c. Co

d. Se

D . Selenium

Which of the following plant nutrient forms is most immobile in the soil?

a. nitrate

b. sulfate

c. phosphate

d. chloride

c. phosphate

Which of the following is an uptake form of Nitrogen?

a. NH3

b. NO3-

c. NO2

d. N2

b. NO3- ( Nitrate)

NH3-anhydrous

NO2-nitrogen dioxide

n2- nitrogen

Which of the following is an uptake form of phosphorous?

a. P2O5

b. P+

c. H2PO4-

d. KP

c. H2PO4-

Which of the following is the chemical uptake form of Potassium?

a. K2O

b. K-

c. KO

d. K+

d. K+

Which of the following is a micronutrient?

a. Cu

b. Ca

c. Mg

d. S

a. Cu (copper)

Which of the following plant growth stages would you expect the highest demand for soil nutrients?

a. germination

b. early seedling.

c. mid vegetative

d. late reproduction

c. mid vegetative

Chelates are commonly used to increase the availability of:_________

a. N

b. P

c. Mo

d. Fe

d. Fe (Iron)

Which of the following is the least available source of nutrients?

a. soil solution

b. cation exchange sites

c. organic matter

d. soil minerals

d. soil minerals

If a nutrient is released to the soil during decomposition of an organic material, ______ has occurred.

a. mineralization

b. immobilization

c. antagonism

d. soil mining

a. mineralization

When a plant nutrient is absorbed with water that is moving to and into the plant root, the nutrient uptake process is called ______________.

a. mass flow

b. diffusion

c. root interception

d. infusion

a. mass flow

A major way calcium is supplied to plants is by _____________.

a. anion exchange

b. cation exchange

c. chelation

d. leaching

b. cation exchange

Which of the following is more soluble in a flooded soil than in an upland soil:

a. zinc

b. copper

c. ammonium

d. manganese

d. manganese

Which of the following soil textures would likely have the lowest soil fertility?

a. sand

b. loamy sand

c. silt loam

d. clay

a. sand

In which of the following cases would you expect the greatest nitrogen mineralization?

a. soil amended with biosolid

b. soil amended with 0-0-0

c. soil amended with sawdust

d. soil amended with wheat straw

a. soil amended with biosolid

Which of the following is not needed for rapid nitrification to occur?

a. Soil pH above 5

b. nitrate

c. nitrite

d. oxygen

b. nitrate (No3-)

Conditions which favor volatile losses of nitrogen as ammonia include _________.

a. high temperature

b. low soil pH

c. low soil CEC

d. no winds

a. high temperature

Denitrification is the conversion of _______ to gaseous forms like dinitrogen and oxides of nitrogen

a. nitrite

b. nitrate

c. ammonia

d. ammonium

b. nitrate (NO3-)

symbiotic nitrogen fixation is the process where atmospheric nitrogen is converted to ammonia in the root nodules of __________.

a. legumes

b. grasses

c. lichens

d. fungi.

a. legumes

immobilization of inorganic N during decomposition will be most likely if the material decomposing has a C:N ration of ______.

a. 10

b. 15

c. 20

d. 35

d. 35

A condition which favors symbiotic nitrogen fixation is______.

a. low soil pH

b. molybdenum deficiency

c. low soil nitrate

d. wet soil

c. low soil nitrate

Cropping systems that substantially increase or decrease soil pH from 6.5 can ___________P availability

a. increase

b. decrease

c. not change

d. marginally impact

b. decrease

Soil sampling in a non-uniform field should be by the _________ method.

a. grid

b. whole field

c. probe

d. rectangular

a. grid

The depth of sampling no-till soils as compared to conventionally tilled soils is __________.

a. shallower

b. slightly deeper

c. much deeper

d. the same

a. shallower

Nutrient concentrations _________change with depth

a. never

b. sometimes

c. usually

d. always

c. usually

At which of the following soil test levels would you expect the greatest crop response?

a. low

b. medium low

c. medium

d. high

a. low

How are soil surveys useful in a soil sampling plan?

a. save time

b. provide yield potentials

c. provide soil textures

d. provide soil structure data

b. provide yield potentials

Which of the following concepts of fertilizer recommendations increases soil fertility level most slowly?

a. crop sufficiency

b. soil building and miniatous

c. base saturation

d. customer satisfaction

a. crop sufficiency

If a soil contains 40 lb P/acre, it contains _______ ppm P

a. 80

b. 40

c. 20

d.10

c. 20

Fertilizer recommendation obtained from a plant tissue analysis are ____ used to make a foliar fertilizer recommendation during that crop year.

a. always

b. never

c. sometimes.

d. rarely

c. sometimes

___________________ plant parts should be sampled to obtain reliable tissue test results.

a. most

b. all

c. specific

d. some

c. specific

Which is the best sample pretreatment for a tissue sample prior to submitting the sample?

a. keep warm in an air tight bag

b. partially air dry in a paper bag

c. keep cool in a sealed plastic bag

d. keep cool in a paper bag

b. partially air dry in a paper bag

___________ is the plant nutrient concentration below which crop growth rate declines significantly.

a. essential limit

b. break point

c. critical value

d. nutrient index

c. critical value

The chlorophyll meter determines __________ sufficiency in a crop.

a. P

b. K

c. N

d. Ca

c. N

Which of the following would not usually be a good source of N?

a. soil organic matter

b. irrigation water

c. 33.5-0-0

d. green manure

b. irrigation water- Ca Mn, K, S, Cl

The rate of N release is least affected by microbial activity for __________

a. manure

b. biosolids

c. sulfur coated urea (no wax)

d. urea

c. sulfur coated urea (no wax)

If substantial ammonia is lost after application of UAN, a ____________ inhibitor might reduce this loss.

a. nitrification

b. denitrification

c. urease

d. leaching

c. urease

Which of the following Nitrogen sources has the least % of N?

a. urea

b. anhydrous ammonia

c. ammonium sulfate

d. ammonium nitrate

c. Ammonium sulfate ( 23-0-0)

urea ( 46-0-0)

anhydrous ammonia (86-0-0) most concentrated form on N on the market

ammonium nitrate (32-0-0)

Which of the following P sources is a liquid?

a. monoammonium phosphate

b. diammonium phosphate

c. triple superphosphate

d. ammonium polyphosphate

D. Ammonium Polyphosphate

What is the most common form of potassium fertilizer?

a. K2SO4

b. KCl

c. KNO3

d. K3PO4

b. KCl

If a fertilizer is a 13-13-13 on an oxide basis,, what is the analysis on an elemenal basis?

a. 13 - 5.7 - 10.8

b. 11 - 5.7 - 10.8

c. 13 - 10.8 - 5.7

d. 11 - 10.8 - 5.7

a. 13 - 5.7 - 10.8

The portion of a fertilizer that easily dissolves in water is _____________

a. total available

b. water soluble

c. inert

d. volatile

b. water soluble

How many lbs of 10-20-10 should be applied to an acre if the fertilizer recommendation is 60 pf P2O4?

a. 100

b. 200

c. 300

d. 600

c. 300

60/.20 = 300

How many lbs of 10-20-10 should be applied to an acre if the fertilizer recommendation is 26 lbs of P?

a. 100

b. 200

c. 300

d. 600

c. 300

2.6*26 = 300

If a manure contains 1.9% P on a dry basis and is 60% solids, what is the "as is" (wet basis) P concentration?

a. 3.2

b. 1.1

c. 0.6

d. 0.3

B. 1.1

Which of the following is the best way to maximize plant available N in manure?

a. composting

b. incorporation

c. surface application

d. sprinkler application

b. incorporation

When sampling a manure pile for analysis, how many samples is enough?

a. one

b. seven

c. a dozen

d. enough to assess manure availability

d. enough to assess manure availability

Potassium can be leached into subsoil if long-term additions of ________ are applied to a soil.

a. lime

b. crop residue

c. urea

d. clay

a. lime

Split applications of nitrogen fertilizer ___________ as compared to a single application of the same amount of nitrogen.

a. reduce leaching losses

b. reduce plant uptake

c. increase volatilization

d. increase denitrification losses

a. reduce leaching losses

______________ applications of P usually results in the most available P

a. broadcast and disked

b. broadcast

c. banded

d. fall

c. banded

Which of the following nutrient placement methods is common for small grains and forges?

a. injection

b. broadcast incorporated

c. top-dress

d. side-dress

c. top-dress

Which of the following times of nutrient application is likely to use the least tractor time?

a. post emergence

b. at planting/ pre emergence

c. preplant

d. fall

b. at planting/ pre emergance

Which of the following factors creates a situation where seed germination is likely reduced?

a. place a fertilizer with a high salt index near the seed

b. place a fertilizer with a low solubility near a seed

c. place a fertilizer with a low ammonia content near a seed

d. broadcast and incorporate aglime

a. place a fertilizer with a high salt index near the seed

As soil pH decreases, _____________ increases

a. hydrogen ion concentration

b. hydroxyl ion concentration

c. alkalinity

d. cation exchange capacity

a. hydrogen ion concentration

Which of the following is the best measure of total acidity in a soil?

a. water pH

b. buffer pH

c. exchangeable Ca

d. sand content

b. buffer pH

Which of the following fertilizers has the greatest potential to decrease soil pH?

a. calcium nitrate

b. potassium chloride

c. ammonium nitrate

d. triple super phosphate

c. ammonium nitrate

Which of the following soils would have the highest lime requirement to meet a target pH of 6.5

a. pH 5, 25% clay, 2% organic matter

b. pH 5, 10% clay, 1% organic matter

c. pH 6, 25% clay, 2% organic matter

d. pH 6.5, 60% clay, 2.2 % organic matter

a. pH 5, 25% clay, 2% organic matter

At which of the following soil pH's would phosphorus be most available for plant uptake?

a. 4.8

b. 5.8

c. 6.8

d. 7.8

c. 6.8

Which of the following micronutrients is more available at pH 7 than at pH 5?

a. Mo

b. Cu

c. Fe

d. Zn

a. Mo

Which of the following actually neutralizes soil acidity when lime is applied?

a. Ca

b. CO3-

c. OH-

d. H+

b. CO3-

Which of the following is not used in determining a lime recommendation?

a. effectiveness of liming material

b. exchangeable sodium percentage

c. target pH

d. extend of soil buffering

b. exchangeable sodium percentage

Lime passing through which of the following mesh sizes would be of greatest benefit in neutralizing soil acidity?

a. 10

b. 20

c. 40

d. 60

d. 60

ECCE is the product effectiveness and _____________

a. aglime content

b. neutralizing power

c. basicity

d. calcium carbonate equivalence

d. calcium carbonate equivalence

If the ECCE of a liming material is 65 and the lime recommendation for a state is based on a material with an ECCE of 80, how should lime rate be adjusted for the material with an ECCE of 65?

A. no change

B. 1.2 times recommendation

C. 2.4 times recommendation

D. 0.8 times recommendation

B. 1.2 times recommendation

Which of the following is least likely to change soil pH?

a. elemental S

b. alum

c. ammonium sulfate

d. gypsum

d. gypsum

Which of the following is a characteristic of N deficiency?

a. leaves yellow at the bottom of the plant first

b. leaves yellow at the top of the plant first

c. bottom leaves become purple

d. interveinal chlorosis inward from leaf margins

a. leaves yellow at the bottom of the plant first

Which of the following best describes adaptive nutrient management?

a. adjust nutrient applications to optimize yields and profits

b. adjust nutrient applications for highest yields

c. adjust nutrient management for acceptable yields and profits

d. resist changing nutrient management

a. adjust nutrient applications to optimize yields and profits

Soil testing and plant tissue tests are usually ___________

a. completed at the same time

b. done monthly during the growing season

c. used to test for nutrient deficiencies

d. done when plants are mature

c. used to test for nutrient deficiencies

Production history or level of management is a good way to determine ___________

a. equipment needs

b. yield goals

c. crop quality

d. soil productivity

b. yield goals

Which of the following isn't apart of the 4R system?

a. source

b. sink

c. time

d. place

b. sink

Which of the following is commonly used to P loss assessments at the field scale?

a. P Index

b. P Response Curve

c. P limiter

d. P Quartile

a. P Index

Which of the following N losses is probably most important for a field of soybeans?

a. ammonia volatilization

b. leaching nitrate to tile drains

c. denitrification

d. crop harvest

d. crop harvest

Which of the following conditions allow N-based manure applications?

a. low soil N

b. high soil N

c. low P Index

d. high P Index

c. low P Index

f a manure contains 0.2 % total P and 50% of the P contributes to soil test P, how much would soil test p increase if 5 ton/acre manure is applied to a soil?

a. 4 lb/acre

b. 2 lb/acre

c. 20 lb/acre

d. 10 lb/acre

d. 10 lb/acre

Sinkholes in a Karst topography area can serve as conduits for N and p movement to ______________.

a. streams

b. groundwater

c. reservoirs

d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Which of the following is not part of the purpose of a nutrient management plan?

a. optimize yield

b. minimize water contamination

c. improve atmospheric conditions

d. improve soil productivity

c. improve atmospheric condition

A comprehensive management plan (CNMP) should discuss _____________.

a. P movement to surface water

b. K leaching to ground water

c. pest damage to crops

d. economic returns to the farm

a. P movement to surface water

Nutrient budgets consider ___________.

a. all nutrient additions

b. all nutrient losses

c. adjustment of nutrient additions

d. all of the above

d. all of the above

The final step in a nutrient management plan is ___________

a. evaluation and adjustment

b. fertilizer addition

c. harvest

d. water testing

a. evaluation and adjustment

Which of the following loss pathways is of most concern for loss of nitrate N?

a. erosion

b. runoff

c. volatilization

d. leaching

d. leaching

Which of the following pathways is of most concern for loss of phosphate from a recently tilled soil?

a. runoff

b. erosion

c. volatilization

d. leaching

b. erosion