Study Guide Brain and Nervous System (this one only has nervous system)

What is the Central Nervous System made up of? 

Brain and Spinal Cord

What is the Peripheral Nervous System Made up of?

All the other nerves stemming from the CNS

What are the 2 major divisions of the PNS?

Sensory and Motor Divisions

What does the Sensory Division of the PNS do?

The Sensory Division carries message from the sense organs to the Central Nervous System (Brain and Spinal Cord).

What does the Motor Division of the PNS do?

The Motor Division carries messages from the CNS to organs, glands, and muscles.

The Motor Division of the PNS has 2 major parts. What are they and what do they do? (first one only)

The autonomic part of the motor division controls involuntary responses. It sends messages to organs and glands. These messages control the body both during emergencies (sympathetic division) and during nonemergencies (parasympathetic division).

The Motor Division of the PNS has 2 major parts. What are they and what do they do?(second one only)

The somatic part of the motor division controls voluntary responses. It sends messages to the skeletal muscles for movements that are under conscious control.

14. The sensory division will send information from the sense organs to the _____________.

Central Nervous System

15. On the other hand the motor division sends messages from __________ to _________.

From the CNS to internal organs, glands, and muscles.

16. The autonomic and somatic divisions are responsible for different actions. Which one is responsible for breathing and blinking, which are involuntary responses?

Autonomic division

17. If someone is in an emergency situation, which part of the autonomic system is responsible for the action? Highlight one answer.

Sympathetic divison

Dendrites

receives messages from the neurotransmitters in the synapse (at receptor sites)

Cell body/soma

contains the nucleus

Nucleus

contains DNA like the nucleus of any cell

Myelin sheath

passes on messages faster

Terminal buttons

release neurotransmitters

Axon terminal

end of the axon, contains several terminal buttons

Axon

electrical messages are passed down the soma, down the axon, to the axon terminal and terminal buttons

How are messages moved from one neuron to another?

Messages move from the dendrites, past the soma, down the axon to the terminal buttons, and finally to the synapse. The neurotransmitters are released into the synapse (synaptic gap) and received at the receptors of the next neuron.

Motor Neuron

The (_____) neuron carries signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands to initiate action

Sensory Neuron

The (_____) neuron is responsible for transmitting sensory information such as touch, sound, and light from the organ to the central nervous system.

Interneuron

The (_____) neuron is the vital link that transmits signals between sensory and motor neurons within the central nervous system, in the spinal cord and brain. They play a key role in reflexes, learning, and other intricate processes.