5.2 reading - glossary

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85 Terms

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abound

v. to exist in large numbers or quantities có rất nhiều, đầy rẫy

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adequate

adj. suflcient or satisfactory for a particular purpose đầy đủ, đạt yêu cầu

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appalling

adj. extremely bad or shocking kinh khủng, tồi tệ

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appropriately

adv. in a way that is suitable for a particular situation một cách phù hợp

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buoyed

v. supported or encouraged emotionally được khích lệ, nâng đỡ tinh thần

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chicle

n. a natural gum obtained from a tropical tree nhựa cây dùng làm ke.o cao su

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conscientiously

adv. with great care, ettort and a sense of responsibility tận tâm, cẩn thận

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contingency

n. a possible future event that may cause problems tình huống bất ngờ, tình huống dự phòng

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crave

v. to have a very strong desire for something khao khát, mong mỏi

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crucial

adj. extremely important or necessary vô cùng quan tro.ng, then chốt

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deficient

adj. lacking something essential or necessary thiếu hu.t, không đầy đủ

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denunciation

n. a strong public expression of criticism or disapproval sự lên án, chỉ trích gay gắt

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dehydration

n. a condition caused by losing too much water from the body tình trạng mất nước

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dismally

adv. in a very poor or disappointing way một cách tồi tệ, đáng thất vo.ng

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diverse

adj. including many ditterent types of people or things đa dạng

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dysentery

n. an infectious disease causing severe diarrhoea bệnh kiết lỵ

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ecstatic

adj. extremely happy or enthusiastic vô cùng phấn khích, ngây ngất

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eke

v. to manage to obtain or produce something with diflculty kiếm được một cách chật vật

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elitist

adj. favouring a small group considered superior to others mang tính tinh hoa, thiên vi.giới ưu tú

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endurance

n. the ability to continue despite pain or diflculty sức chi.u đựng, sự bền bỉ

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equable

adj. calm and not easily upset or annoyed điềm tĩnh, ôn hòa

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exhilaration

n. a feeling of great excitement and happiness sự phấn khích, hân hoan

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flop

n. something that is completely unsuccessful sự thất bại, sản phẩm thất bại

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fusion

n. the process or result of combining ditterent things sự kết hợp, hòa trộn

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hazard

n. something that may cause danger or harm mối nguy hiểm, hiểm ho.a

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hospitable

adj. providing a pleasant or suitable environment thuận lợi, dễ chi.u; hiếu khách

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immobilise

v. to prevent someone or something from moving làm bất động, khiến không thể di chuyển

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impede

v. to delay or prevent progress cản trở, gây trở ngại

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indulge

v. to allow yourself to enjoy or do something nuông chiều bản thân, thỏa mãn sở thích

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inferno

n. a place or situation of extreme heat or fire nơi nóng như thiêu đốt, biển lửa

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ingenious

adj. very clever and inventive khéo léo, sáng tạo, tài tình

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inscrutable

adj. impossible or very diflcult to understand khó hiểu, bí ẩn

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intuition

n. the ability to understand something instinctively trực giác

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jeopardise

v. to put something at risk of harm or failure gây nguy hiểm cho, đe do.a

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laden

adj. carrying a heavy load chất đầy, mang nặng

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laudatory

adj. expressing strong praise or admiration đầy lời ca ngợi

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leathery

adj. tough and rough like leather thô ráp, sạm như da thuộc

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livelihood

n. a means of earning money to live sinh kế, kế sinh nhai

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lurk

v. to wait or hide secretly, often with harmful intentions ẩn nấp, rình rập

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meagre

adj. very small in amount and not enough ít ỏi, thiếu thốn

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mesmerising

adj. so fascinating that it holds one's attention completely mê hoặc, cuốn hút

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monotonous

adj. boring because of a lack of variety đơn điệu, nhàm chán

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neutralise

v. to make something inettective or harmless trung hòa, vô hiệu hóa

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pounce

v. to suddenly jump on or attack something vồ, lao vào tấn công

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prospective

adj. likely or expected to become something in the future tiềm năng, có triển vo.ng

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punishing

adj. extremely demanding and physically exhausting khắc nghiệt, cực kj vất vả

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resin

n. a sticky substance produced by certain trees nhựa cây

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resolve

n. strong determination to achieve something quyết tâm, j chí

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robust

adj. strong, ettective and able to withstand diflculties mạnh mẽ, vững chắc

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saliva

n. the liquid produced in the mouth nước bo.t

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salivary

adj. relating to saliva thuộc nước bo.t, tuyến nước bo.t

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sapodilla

n. a tropical tree whose latex is used to make chewing gum cây hồng xiêm

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scattered

adj. spread over a wide area rather than gathered together rải rác, phân tán

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sinewy

adj. having strong, lean muscles săn chắc, rắn rỏi

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soar

v. to rise very quickly to a high level tăng vo.t

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softener

n. a substance added to make something softer chất làm mềm

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stratosphere

n. the layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere; figuratively, an extremely high level tầng bình lưu; mức cực cao

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substantially

adv. to a large or significant extent đáng kể, về cơ bản

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synthetic

adj./n. made artificially rather than from natural materials tổng hợp, nhân tạo; chất tổng hợp

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stimulate

v. to encourage something to develop or become more active kích thích, thúc đẩy

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tapper

n. a person who collects liquid from trees by cutting their bark người khai thác nhựa cây

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torture

n. extreme physical or mental suttering sự đau đớn, cực hình

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trek

n./v. a long and diflcult journey, especially on foot chuyến đi bộ đường dài; đi bộ đường dài

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tremendous

adj. extremely great in amount, size or degree rất lớn, to lớn

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unpredictable

adj. impossible or diflcult to predict khó dự đoán

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uniformity

n. the quality of being the same without variation sự đồng nhất, đơn điệu

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unspeakable

adj. extremely bad or unpleasant khủng khiếp, không thể diễn tả

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wit

n. the ability to say clever and amusing things sự dí dỏm, hóm hỉnh

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yardstick

n. a standard used for judging or comparing things thước đo, tiêu chuẩn đánh giá

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be at the mercy of

Idiom to be completely controlled by something beyond one's control phó mặc, phu. thuộc hoàn toàn vào

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be under the weather

Idiom to feel slightly ill or unwell cảm thấy không khỏe

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duck out

Phrasal verb to avoid or withdraw from something rút lui, né tránh

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eke out a living

Idiom / Fixed phrase to earn just enough money to survive, often with diflculty kiếm sống chật vật

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go into something blind

Idiomatic expression to begin something without knowing what to expect lao vào việc gì mà chưa biết rõ tình hình

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keep up with

Phrasal verb to stay informed about or at the same level as something theo ki.p, cập nhật

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let alone

Idiom used to emphasise that something is even less likely or possible huống chi, nói gì đến

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make or break

Idiom to cause either great success or complete failure quyết đi.nh thành bại

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measure up

Phrasal verb to be as good as something else or meet a standard đạt tiêu chuẩn, sánh bằng

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pop into

Phrasal verb to visit a place briefly and informally ghé qua

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pull together

Phrasal verb to organise or combine things successfully tập hợp, phối hợp để hoàn thành

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read up on

Phrasal verb to study a subject by reading about it đo.c tìm hiểu kj về

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run around

Phrasal verb to move around busily doing various tasks chạy đôn chạy đáo

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soar into the stratosphere

Figurative expression to rise to an exceptionally high level tăng vo.t lên mức cực cao

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switch off

Phrasal verb to stop thinking about work or worries and relax ngừng nghĩ về công việc, thư giãn

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wind down

Phrasal verb to gradually relax after stress or activity thư giãn, xả hơi