ARE 309 Trine II Exam

taught by RAB

Force economic participants to internalize the environmental costs of production

A goal of environmental regulation is:

Ambient Air

What medium does the Clean Air Act identify as the baseline measurement of pollution?

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

What are the regulations called which identify thresholds for criteria pollutants?

Stationary and mobile sources

The Clean Air Act authorizes the EPA to regulate which two types of pollution sources?

criteria pollutants

The Clean Air Act regulates ambient air quality by placing national standards on a class of six pollutants called

hazardous air pollutants

The Act also prescribes national standards for 187 pollutants shown to be dangerous to humans, these are called

rulemaking; APA

Each standard for each pollutant must go through the
_____________ process prescribed by the _________

stationary and mobile

Titles I and II of the Clean Air Act each regulate a different category type of pollution source.  What are they?

health; welfare

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) were initially set by EPA regulation after 1970, and included two sub-standards for each criteria pollutant.  The first category concerns primary standards, which protects human             _____________   and the other concerns secondary standards, which protects human                                 .

Describe how the state will implement federal standards of pollution control technology to achieve national air quality standards within its Air Quality Control Regions

A function of a State Implementation Plan is to what?

ozone

Which criteria pollutant can pollute the lower earth atmosphere yet is critical to deflecting unltraviolet radiation in the upper atmosphere?

parking garage; highway

What is an example of an indirect mobile source of air pollution?

Designation of AQCRs as "Attainment" and "Non-Attainment" for the various pollutants

AND

Require Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) technology for previously-grandfathered direct sources in non-attainment areas

AND

Offset requirements for new sources in non-attainment areas

AND

Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) in attainment areas

[All of these]

The 1977 Amendments to the Clean Air Act introduced which concept(s) to air quality regulation?

In addition to attorneys fees and costs, an environmental group can reap mad money damages for its membership if it wins a case against a polluter

Which statement below is not true of lawsuits initiated under the Clean Air Act "citizen suit" provision authorized under 42 U.S.C. §7604?

Where an AQCR within a state has attained the NAAQS for a criteria pollutant, the state SIP focuses on Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD)  protocols for air quality in that AQCR by requiring new direct sources to employ Best Available Control Technology (BACT) for that pollutant in order to receive an operating permit.

Which statement below is true of State Implementation Plans under current Clean Air Act?

none

A pulp mill built in 1960 operating before 1977, emitting Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides and Particulate Matter TECH REQUIRMENT

Bets System of Emissions Reduction (BSER)

A pulp mill built in 1960, seeking a permit for a major modification to its facility in 1974 to emit Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides and Particulate Matter TECH REQUIREMENT

Best Available Control Technology (BACT)

A pulp mill modified in 1974, seeking a renewal permit to emit Particulate Matter in an AQCR identified as an Attainment Area for PM in 1980 TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENT

Lowest Available Emissions Rate (LAER)

A pulp mill modified in 1974, seeking a renewal permit to emit NO2 in an AQCR identified as a Non-Attainment Area for NO2 in 1980 TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENT

Maximum Available Control Technology (MACT)

A pulp mill modified in 1974, seeking a permit renewal in 1991 for emissions of chlorinated compounds (a hazardous air pollutant listed in the NESHAPs) TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENT

Reasonable Available Control Technology (RACT) maybe

A pulp mill modified in 1974, seeking a renewal permit to emit Sulfur Dioxide in an AQCR identified as a Non-Attainment Area for SO2 in 1980 TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENT