OChem Functional Groups & Carbons!

0.0(0)
Studied by 0 people
call kaiCall Kai
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
GameKnowt Play
Card Sorting

1/10

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Last updated 9:23 PM on 10/4/26
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced
Call with Kai
Chat

No analytics yet

Send a link to your students to track their progress

11 Terms

1
New cards
<p>Alcohol</p>

Alcohol

A compound that possesses a hydroxyl group (OH) connected to an sp3-hybridized carbon atom and is characterized as R–OH, where R is an alkyl or hydrocarbon group.

<p>A compound that possesses a hydroxyl group (OH) connected to an sp3-hybridized carbon atom and is characterized as R–OH, where R is an alkyl or hydrocarbon group.</p>
2
New cards

Kind of alcohols

Includes primary, secondary, and tertiary based on the number of other carbon atoms attached to the carbon holding the OH group:

  • Primary (1°) Alcohols: The carbon with the -OH group connects to only one other carbon atom (e.g., Ethanol). Methanol is also grouped here even though it connects to zero other carbons.

  • Secondary (2°) Alcohols: The carbon with the -OH group connects to two other carbon atoms (e.g., Isopropanol).

  • Tertiary (3°) Alcohols: The carbon with the -OH group connects to three other carbon atoms (e.g., tert-butanol).


<p>Includes primary, secondary, and tertiary <span style="font-size: medium;">based on the number of other carbon atoms attached to the carbon holding the OH group:</span></p><ul><li><p>Primary (1°) Alcohols: The carbon with the -OH group connects to only one other carbon atom (e.g., Ethanol). Methanol is also grouped here even though it connects to zero other carbons.</p></li><li><p>Secondary (2°) Alcohols: The carbon with the -OH group connects to two other carbon atoms (e.g., Isopropanol).</p></li><li><p>Tertiary (3°) Alcohols: The carbon with the -OH group connects to three other carbon atoms (e.g., tert-butanol).</p></li></ul><p></p>
3
New cards
<p>Carbonyl</p>

Carbonyl

A carbonyl group is a functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O)

<p>A carbonyl group is a functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O)</p>
4
New cards
<p>Kinds of carbonyls</p>

Kinds of carbonyls

  • Aldehydes: The carbonyl carbon is bonded to at least one hydrogen atom (R-CHO)

  • Ketones: The carbonyl carbon is bonded to two carbon groups (R-CO-R’)

  • Carboxyl: Hydroxyl group attached (R-COOH)


<ul><li><p>Aldehydes: The carbonyl carbon is bonded to at least one hydrogen atom (R-CHO)</p></li><li><p>Ketones: The carbonyl carbon is bonded to two carbon groups (R-CO-R’)</p></li><li><p>Carboxyl: Hydroxyl group attached (R-COOH)</p></li></ul><p></p>
5
New cards
<p>Amine</p>

Amine

Amines are compounds containing a nitrogen atom that is connected to one, two, or three alkyl or aryl groups.

6
New cards

Kinds of amines

Amines are grouped into three main types based on how many carbon-containing groups are attached to the nitrogen atom: [1]

  • Primary (1°) amine: Contains one alkyl or aryl group attached to nitrogen (RNH2).

  • Secondary (2°) amine: Contains two alkyl or aryl groups attached to nitrogen (R2NH).

  • Tertiary (3°) amine: Contains three alkyl or aryl groups attached to nitrogen (R3N).


<p>Amines are grouped into three main types based on how many carbon-containing groups are attached to the nitrogen atom: [1]</p><ul><li><p>Primary (1°) amine: Contains one alkyl or aryl group attached to nitrogen (RNH<sub>2</sub>).</p></li><li><p>Secondary (2°) amine: Contains two alkyl or aryl groups attached to nitrogen (R<sub>2</sub>NH).</p></li><li><p>Tertiary (3°) amine: Contains three alkyl or aryl groups attached to nitrogen (R<sub>3</sub>N).</p></li></ul><p></p>
7
New cards
<p>Ether</p>

Ether

An ether is a functional group consisting of an oxygen atom single-bonded to two carbon-containing groups (alkyl or aryl groups), represented by the general formula R–O–R'.

<p>An ether is a functional group consisting of an oxygen atom single-bonded to two carbon-containing groups (alkyl or aryl groups), represented by the general formula R–O–R'.</p>
8
New cards
<p>Alkene</p>

Alkene

An alkene (also called an olefin) is an unsaturated organic compound made only of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Typically, its structure is CnH2n and has a C=C double bond. Alkenes usually end with -ene.


<p><span>An alkene (also called an olefin) is an unsaturated organic compound made only of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Typically, its structure is C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n</sub> and has a C=C double bond. Alkenes usually end with <strong><em>-ene</em></strong>.</span></p><p></p>
9
New cards
<p>Alkyne</p>

Alkyne

An alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon–carbon triple bond. Typically, its structure is CnH2n-2 and has a C-C triple bond. Alkynes usually end with -yne.

<p>An alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon–carbon triple bond. Typically, its structure is C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n-2</sub> and has a C-C <u>triple</u> bond. Alkynes usually end with <strong><em>-yne</em></strong>.</p>
10
New cards

Alkane

Alkanes are saturated organic compounds made only of carbon and hydrogen atoms connected by C-C single bonds. Typically, its structure is CnH2n+2 and has a C-C single bond. Alkanes usually end with -ane.

11
New cards

Vinyl