BSC 2085: Chapter 4 Connective Tissue

Proper Connective Tissue contains both _ and _

Dense and Loose Tissue

Specialized CT contains ___, ___, and ___ + ___

Cartilage, bone, blood + lymph

What are the 3 types of Loose tissue?

Areolar, adipose, and reticular tissue.

What are the main functions of the areolar connective layer?

Stores nutrients and fluid, support + binding

What are the main functions of the adipose connective layer?

Lipid storage, insulation, heat generation, and cushioning.

What are the main functions of the reticular connective layer?

Support for soft organs (this structure is called stroma)

What are the three types of Dense Connective Tissue?

Dense regular, Dense irregular, Elastic CT

What is the main difference between dense regular and irregular?

The arrangement of collagen fibers

Loose Tissue Functions?

Shock absorption, padding, 3D structure for soft organs

Dense tissue is mostly made of?

Mostly protein fiber

Does dense tissue have more or less ground substance than loose tissue?

Less

How are dense regular collagen fibers arranged?

Parallel

How are dense irregular collagen fibers arranged?

Random arrangement

Elastic CT arrangement?

Branching

How many directions can dense regular tissue stretch in?

ONE

How many directions can dense irregular tissue stretch in?

MANY

Elastic is able to __ and __

Stretch and recoil

Where are the three dense tissue types found?

Regular: Tendons, Ligament

Irregular: Fascia, organs, bones, etc

Elastic: Arteries, trachea, vocal cords

What is the predominant fiber found in dense tissue?

Collagen

3 basic components of CT

Cells, protein fibers, ground substance

-cyte = ? and -blast = ?

Mature & Immature

Resident cells are ___

Stationary, housed in CT

Function of Resident cells?

support, maintain, repair ECM

Wandering Cells

Continuously move through CT & components of immature systems

What do Fascia do?

Supports + surrounds muscles, bones, nerves, blood vessels, and organs.

Tissue repair types and steps?

Regeneration (same kind of tissue replaces damaged) + Fibrosis (CT replaces destroyed tissue/loses function)

Steps: Inflammation, Organization, Regeneration

What is ECM mainly composed of?

Ground substance + Protein fibers

3 types of Muscle Tissue?

Skeletal (multi nucleated)(voluntary), Cardiac (one or two nuclei)(involuntary), Smooth (one central) (no voluntary control)

Nervous tissue contains large amounts of _ cells

Glial

Neurons

Nervous tissue cells

Axons vs. Dendrites + which is the longest cell in the body?

Axon = a single long process extending from the cell body

Dendrite = shorter and more numerous processes

Neuron = the longest cell in the body

Plasma is made from?

White blood cells, Red blood cells, and Platelates

Cartilage 3 types?

Elastic, Hyaline, Fibrocartilage

Cartilage elastic found where?

Nose, ears, epiglottis

Hyaline is made mostly of?

Cartilage

Hyaline is mostly found where?

Ends of long bones, nose, larynx, trachea, fetal skeleton, sternal cartilage - weakest

Fibrocartilage is mostly found where?

Invertebrate discs/spine - strongest

Bone cells are also called?

Osteocytes

What organic and inorganic compounds are found in bones?

Organic = collagen + glycoproteins

Inorganic = Calcium salts

What types of “bones” are there

Compact (lamellae) and Spongy (interior)

Lamellae

Encircle central canal, location of blood cells and nerves.

What is Lymph derived from

Blood plasma