organic compounds of life

biochemistry

the scientific study of the chemical processes, substances, and reactions that occur within and relate to living organisms

polymer

a long chain of the same monomers linked together

monomer

a small simple molecule

lipids

phospholipids+cholesterol, triglycerides, steroid hormones, waxes

phospholipids + cholesterol

makes up and stabilizes the cell membrane structure

waxes

provides a protective and waterproof layer

steroid hormones

chemical messengers (ex. esterogen and testosterone)

triglycerides

long term storage of energy, also provides insulation and vitamins storage

carbohydrates

life’s primary source of energy from our food

polysaccharides

polymers of carbohydrates (starch, cellulose, glycogen, chitin)

starch

how plants store sugar

glycogen

how animals store sugar

cellulose

builds plant cell walls

chitin

makes up exoskeletons

monosaccharides

monomers of carbohydrates (glucose, galactose, fructose)

disaccharides

two monosaccharides bonded together (sucrose, lactose, maltose)

nucleic acids

serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in all living cells and viruses

Dexyriobonucleic acid (DNA)

stores our genetic code

Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

carries out genetic code

polynucleotides + nucleotides

polymers and monomers of nucleic acids

protein

helps your body grow, repair tissues, and stay healthy

polypeptides + amino acids

polymers and monomers of proteins

enzymes

regulate all chemical reactions

collagen

build and strengthen the tissues of our bodies

antibodies

help fight disease and provide immunity

insulin

signals cells to receive glucose

Hemoglobin

transports O2 in red blood cells from our lungs to other parts of the body

dipeptide

two amino acids bonded together

peptide bond

chemical link that holds amino acids together