Structure of Triglycerides and Lipids

Flashcards summarizing the introduction to lipids, the structure of glycerol and triglycerides, and their key biological functions.

Lipids

Biological macromolecules containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen ($C$, $H$, and $O$) that are non-polar and insoluble in water.

Triglycerides

A lipid macromolecule composed of one glycerol molecule bonded to three fatty acid molecules.

Glycerol

An alcohol molecule consisting of 3 carbon atoms, each attached to a hydroxyl group ($\text{-OH}$).

Energy Source Role of Triglycerides

The breakdown of lipids in respiration releases energy used to generate $ATP$ for cellular processes.

Energy Store Role of Triglycerides

Insoluble in water, enabling them to store energy compactly without affecting the water potential of cells.

Insulation Role of Triglycerides

Provides thermal insulation in adipose tissue and electrical insulation in myelin sheaths surrounding nerve cells.

Buoyancy Role of Triglycerides

Lipids are less dense than water, helping aquatic organisms to float.

Protection Role of Triglycerides

Serves as a shock-absorbing cushion to protect vital organs such as the kidneys and heart.