exam 3 - quiz 11

alveolar macrophage

also called a dust cell, this leukocyte engulfs microorganisms or particulates in the alveoli

respiratory membrane

barrier for diffusion that consists of alveolar epithelium, two basement membranes, and capillary endothelium

goblet

cells in the respiratory tract that produce mucous

trachea

flexible, but rigid tube that extends from the larynx to the main bronchi

asthma

condition characterized by episodes of bronchoconstriction with wheezing and shortness of breath

larynx

structure with many functions including prevention of materials from entering the respiratory tract and producing speech

bronchial tree

highly-branched system of air-conducting passages that become progressively branches to narrower tubes that diverge throughout the lungs

two functions of the respiratory system

1. remove and destroy debris and pathogens entering.

2. conducts air passage to control food and breathing pathways

one component of the upper respiratory tract

nasal/nose

two components of the lower respiratory tract

alveoli and bronchi

true

the respiratory passage which is exposed to the external environment is lined with a mucous membrane

false

the circoid cartilages are the largest in the larynx

true

sneezing is initiated by irritants in the nasal cavity

false

the epithelium in the alveoli is thicker than the epithelium in the nasal cavity

bronchoconstriction

when the smooth muscle around the bronchioles contracts

type I

type of cells most common in the alveolar that are used for gas exchange

mucin

the protein that increases viscosity in the mucus to more effectively trap inhaled dust, dirt, etc.