Valery Trejo - [Template] Lab Practical Study Guide: The Nervous System

Pituitary gland

________- produces hormones; really small under hypothalamus.

Symptoms

________- Problems with memory and thinking, headache, blurry vision, confusion, and nausea.

Myelin

________- Small pads, insulation around axons, not all neurons have it.

Cerebrum

________- Largest uppermost part of the brain.

Subdural hematoma

________- Blood clot between brain and outermost covering.

Schwann

________ cell- form myelin sheaths

Hypothalamus

________- keeps body in homeostasis; small in the front.

Medulla

________- connects brain to spinal cord; under pons.

Cerebellum

________-"mini brain; "back of head between cerebrum and brainstem.

Neurofibrils

________- fibers within axon.

Thalamus

________- information processing; above hypothalamus.

Axon

________- single long fibers, conducts information away from the cell.

Temporal

________ lobe- auditory; long and short term memory.

Cell body

________- contains nucleus and other organelles.

CTE

________- degenerative brain disease caused by concussions.

Midbrain

________- top part of brainstem; regulates eye movement; above pons.

Dura mater

________- outermost layer; between brain and skull.

Pia mater

________- inner membrane; contains nerves and blood vessels to nourish cells.

Optic chiasm

________- x shaped structure below brain where 2 optic nerves cross.

Sympathetic Nervous System

________ (stress)- fight or flight.

Arachnoid mater

________- looks like spider web; no blood vessels, between layer.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Brain and spinal cord

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Split between Autonomic and Somatic nervous system 31 pairs of spinal nerves; 12 pairs of cranial nerves

Somatic Nervous System

Skeletal muscle; nervous

Autonomic Nervous System

smooth muscle, glands, involuntary

Parasympathetic Nervous System (Peace)

rest and digest

Dendrites

shorter, numerous, RECEIVE INFORMATION

Chromatophilic substance (rough ER)

transport system

Nodes of Ranvier

gaps of insulation

Microglial cell

Red blood cells, immune function, digest debris, kills bacteria

White matter

myelinated axons

Grey matter

unmyelinated

Brain stem

autonomic system

Pons

links brain to spinal cord; front

Corpus callosum

allows communication between right and left sides of brain; above diencephalon

What is a concussion

When someone receives a jolt to the head causing their neurons to stretch or tear and disrupt the ability to communicate

Effects on the nervous system

Concussion cause neurons to stretch or tear and disrupt the ability to communicate

Frontal lobe

Physical & mental action

Occipital lobe

Visual processing

Parietal lobe

Touch

Longitudinal fissure

Deep grove the divides the left and right cerebral hemispheres