P2 Anatomy Intro Vocab

Superior (cranial)

toward head end or apper part of a structure or the body ; above

Inferior (caudal)

away from head end or towards the lower part of a structure body ; below

Ventral (anterior)

toward or at front of body: in front off

Dorsal (posterior)

toward or at back of body, behind

Medial

midline of body ; inner side

Lateral

away from midline of body: outer side

Intermediate

between a more medial and more lateral structure

Proximal

closer to the origin of body part or point of attachment of a limb to the body trank.

Distal

Farther from origin of body part or point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Superficial (external)

toward or at the body surface

Deep (internal)

away from the body surface; more internal

Axial

main part of body; head, neck and trunk

Axial areas

Head/skull - facial + cranial

Vertebral column

Trunk/rib cage - thoracic cavity + abdominal cavity

Appendicular

limbs attached to axis

Appendicular areas

Limbs - arms and legs

Shoulders

Hip bones

Pelvic cavity

Sagittal plane

divides into right / left

Median/midsagittal

Exactly down middle

Transverse/horizontal plane

Divides into superior/inferior

Frontal/coronal plane

Divides into anterior/posterior

Oblique

Diagonal cuts between horizontal and vertical

Dorsal body cavity contains

Cranial cavity and vertebral/spinal cavity

Ventral/spinal cavity includes

Thoracic cavity (lungs, heart, trachea esophagus), plural cavity (lungs), pericardial cavity (heart), abdominopelvic cavity (digestive, reproductive, urinary)

Serosa (membrane)

Lines of ventricle body cavity in outer surfaces of organs

Parietal Serosa

Lines cavity wall

Visceral serosa

Folds in; covers organs and cavity (removal of guts)

Serosa fluid

Lubricates space between membranes