Lecture 5_From genotype to phenotype_26Feb2025

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Last updated 10:50 AM on 2/21/25
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10 Terms

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Genotype

An organism’s genetic information that determines traits.

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Phenotype

The set of observable physical traits of an organism.

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Central Dogma

The process by which DNA is transcribed to RNA, which is then translated into protein.

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Protein Synthesis

The process by which cells create proteins from genetic information.

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Transcription Factors

Proteins that help regulate the transcription of DNA into RNA by enabling the binding of RNA polymerase to DNA.

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Domestication

The process of adapting wild plants and animals for human use.

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Polygenic Control

A type of inheritance where multiple genes influence a trait.

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Anthocyanin

A pigment found in plants that can affect coloration in flowers and fruits.

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Environmental Effects on Phenotype

The influence of environmental factors on the expression of phenotypic traits.

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Batten Disease

A fatal inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in specific genes.