Gross Human Anatomy Practical 2 (Lab 7 - Lower Leg)

Tibialis Anterior Origin

• Lateral surface of tibia

• Interosseous membrane

Tibialis Anterior Insertion

• Base of 1st metatarsal

• Medial cuneiform

Tibialis Anterior Action

• Dorsiflexion of ankle

• Inversion of foot

Tibialis Anterior Nerve Supply

• Deep peroneal nerve

Extensor Hallucis Longus Origin

• Anterior surface of fibula

• Interosseous membrane

Extensor Hallucis Longus Insertion

• Base of distal phalanx of big toe

Extensor Hallucis Longus Action

• Extension of big toe

Extensor Hallucis Longus Nerve Supply

• Deep peroneal nerve

Extensor Digitorum Longus Origin

• Proximal anterior shaft of fibula

• Interosseous membrane

• Lateral condyle of tibia

Extensor Digitorum Longus Insertion

• Extensor expansion of toes 2-5

Extensor Digitorum Longus Action

• Extension of toes 2-5

• Dorsiflexion of ankle

Extensor Digitorum Longus Nerve Supply

• Deep peroneal nerve

Peroneus Tertius Origin

• Distal anterior fibula

Peroneus Tertius Insertion

• Base of 5th metatarsal

Peroneus Tertius Action

• Eversion of foot

• Dorsiflexion of ankle

Peroneus Tertius Nerve Supply

• Deep peroneal nerve

Gastrocnemius Origin

• Medial head: medial epicondyle of femur

• Lateral head: lateral epicondyle of femur

Gastrocnemius Insertion

• Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Gastrocnemius Action

• Plantarflexion of ankle

• Flexion of knee

Gastrocnemius Nerve Supply

• Tibial nerve

Soleus Origin

• Soleal line of tibia

• Proximal fibula

Soleus Insertion

• Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Soleus Action

• Plantarflexion of ankle

Soleus Nerve Supply

• Tibial nerve

Plantaris Origin

• Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur

Plantaris Insertion

• Posterior calcaneus

Plantaris Action

• Plantarflexion of ankle

• Flexion of knee

Plantaris Nerve Supply

• Tibial nerve

Popliteus Origin

• Lateral condyle of femur

Popliteus Insertion

• Proximal posterior tibia

Popliteus Action

• Unlocks extended knee by internal rotation of tibia (normal) or external rotation of femur (reverse)

Popliteus Nerve Supply

• Tibial nerve

Tibialis Posterior Origin

• Posterior tibia

• Proximal posterior fibula

• Interosseous membrane

Tibialis Posterior Insertion

• Navicular tuberosity

• All cuneiforms

• Cuboid

• Bases of metatarsals 2-4

Tibialis Posterior Action

• Inversion of foot

• Plantarflexion of ankle

Tibialis Posterior Nerve Supply

• Tibial nerve

Flexor Digitorum Longus Origin

• Posterior tibia

Flexor Digitorum Longus Insertion

• Distal phalanges of toes 2-5

Flexor Digitorum Longus Action

• Flexion of toes 2-5 at DIP joints

• Plantarflexion of ankle

Flexor Digitorum Longus Nerve Supply

• Tibial nerve

Flexor Hallucis Longus Origin

• Distal posterior fibula

• Interosseous membrane

Flexor Hallucis Longus Insertion

• Distal phalanx of big toe

Flexor Hallucis Longus Action

• Flexion of big toe

Flexor Hallucis Longus Nerve Supply

• Tibial nerve

Peroneus Longus Origin

• Head and proximal lateral shaft of fibula

Peroneus Longus Insertion

• Base of 1st metatarsal

• Medial cuneiform

Peroneus Longus Action

• Eversion of foot

• Plantarflexion of ankle

Peroneus Longus Nerve Supply

• Superficial peroneal nerve

Peroneus Brevis Origin

• Distal lateral shaft of fibula

Peroneus Brevis Insertion

• Base of 5th metatarsal

Peroneus Brevis Action

• Eversion of foot

• Plantarflexion of ankle

Peroneus Brevis Nerve Supply

• Superficial peroneal nerve

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Origin

• Anterior and lateral calcaneus

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Insertion

• Extensor expansion of toes 2-4

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Action

• Extension of toes 2-4

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Nerve Supply

• Deep peroneal nerve

Abductor Hallucis Origin

• Calcaneus

Abductor Hallucis Insertion

• Base of proximal phalanx of big toe

Abductor Hallucis Action

• Flexion of big toe at MTP joint

• Abduction of big toe at MTP joint

Abductor Hallucis Nerve Supply

• Medial plantar nerve

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Origin

• Calcaneus

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Insertion

• Bases of middle phalanges of toes 2-5

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Action

• Flexion of toes 2-5 at PIP joints

Flexor Digitorum Brevis Nerve Supply

• Medial plantar nerve

Abductor Digit Minimi Origin

• Calcaneus

Abductor Digit Minimi Insertion

• Base of proximal phalanx of toe 5

Abductor Digiti Minimi Action

• Abduction of toe 5 at MTP joint

• Flexion of toe 5 at MTP joint

Abductor Digiti Minimi Nerve Supply

• Lateral plantar nerve

Quadratus Plantae Origin

• Calcaneus

Quadratus Plantae Insertion

• Lateral surface of flexor digitorum longus tendon

Quadratus Plantae Action

• Flexion of toes 2-5 at DIP joints

Quadratus Plantae Nerve Supply

• Lateral plantar nerve

Lumbricals Origin

• Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Lumbricals insertion

• Extensor expansion of toes 2-5

Lumbricals Action

• Flexion of toes 2-5 at MTP joints

• Extension of toes 2-5 at IP joints

Lumbricals Nerve Supply

• Toes 2: medial plantar nerve

• Toes 3-5: lateral plantar nerves

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Origin

• Cuboid and lateral cuneiform bones

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Insertion

• Both sides of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Action

• Flexion of big toe at MTP joint

Flexor Hallucis Brevis Nerve Supply

• Medial plantar nerve

Adductor Hallucis Origin

• Oblique head: based of 2nd-4th metatarsals

• Transverse head: deep transverse metatarsal ligament and plantar plates of 3-5 MTP joints

Adductor Hallucis Insertion

• Base of proximal phalanx of big toe

Adductor Hallucis Action

• Adduction of big toe at MTP joint

• Flexion of big toe at MTP joint

Adductor Hallucis Nerve Supply

• Lateral plantar nerve

Flexor Digiti Minimi Origin

• Base of 5th metatarsal

Flexor Digiti Minimi Insertion

• Base of proximal phalanx of toe 5

Flexor Digiti Minimi Action

• Flexion of toe 5 at MTP joint

Flexor Digiti Minimi Nerve Supply

• Lateral plantar nerve

Dorsal Interossei Origin

• Posterior surfaces from adjacent metatarsals

Dorsal Interossei Insertion

• Extensor expansions of toe 2 and lateral sides of toes 2-4

Dorsal Interossei Action

• Abduction of toes 2-4 at MTP joints

• Flexion of toes 2-4 at MTP joints

• Extension of toes 2-4 at IP joints

Dorsal Interossei Nerve Supply

• Lateral plantar nerve

Plantar Interossei Origin

• Medial sides of metatarsals 3-5

Plantar Interossei Insertion

• Extensor expansions of toes 3-5

Plantar Interossei Action

• Adduction of toes 3-5 at MTP joints

• Flexion of toes 3-5 at MTP joints

• Extension of toes 3-5 at IP joints

Plantar Interossei Nerve Supply

• Lateral plantar nerve